Sodium hypobromite, solution

Urea is decomposed by alkaline sodium hypobromite solution according to the equation ... 

The pinacolone may be employed for the preparation of trimethylacetlc acid (plvallc acid) by oxidation with sodium hypobromite solution ... 

Hydrazobenzene may be oxidised to azobenzene by sodium hypobromite solution at 0°. 

Good results are obtained by the oxidation of the commercially available cyclo-propyl methyl ketone with sodium hypobromite solution, and the preparation may be regarded as an excellent example of the oxidation of the —COCH, group to — OOH ... 

Sodium formylacetone, 32, 32 Sodium hydrosulfite, 37, 16 Sodium hypobromite, solution of, 30, 3 Sodium hypochlorite, solution of, 31, 41 37, 2... 

Landers et al. [97] and others [98] have described a wet digestion method for the determination of total sulphur in soils. In this method the sample (1.50-500mg) is placed in a digestion flask and heated in a sand bath to dryness at 250°C with 3ml of sodium hypobromite solution. The residue is resuspended with water, neutralized with formic acid, and then hydriodic acid reduction of the sample is followed to quantitatively recover the inorganic sulphate formed by wet oxidation. 

Method 2 (from hydrazobenzene). Prepare a solution of sodium hypobromite by adding 10 g. (3 2 ml.) of bromine dropwise to a cold solution of 6 0 g. of sodium hydroxide in 75 ml. of water immersed in an ice bath. Dissolve 9 5 g. of hydrazobenzene (Section IV,87) in 60 ml. of ether contained in a separatory funnel, and add the cold sodium hypobromite solution in small portions. Shake for 10 minutes, preferably mechanically. Separate the ether layer, pour it into a 100 ml. distilling flask, and distil off the ether by warming gently on a water bath. Dissolve the warm liquid residue in about 30 ml. of alcohol, transfer to a small beaker, heat to boiling on a water bath, add water dropwise to the hot solution until the azobenzene just commences to separate, render the solution clear again with a few drops of alcohol, and cool in ice water. Filter the orange crystals at the pump, and wash with a little 50 per cent, alcohol. Dry in the air. The yield is 8 g. 

Cognate preparation. 3-Aminopyridine. Prepare a cold sodium hypobromite solution from 32 g (10 ml, 0.2 mol) of bromine and 25 g (0.62 mol) of sodium hydroxide in 250 ml of water. Add in one portion 20 g (0.163 mol) of finely powdered nicotinamide (Expt 6.169) and stir vigorously for 15 minutes. Warm the solution in a water bath at 75 °C for 45 minutes. Isolate the crude product by continuous ether extraction (Section 2.22) of the cooled reaction mixture after saturation with sodium chloride. Dry the extract over potassium hydroxide pellets and remove the ether. Crystallise the dark residue from a 4 1 mixture of benzene-light petroleum (b.p. 60-80 °C) with the aid of decolourising charcoal. The yield of almost colourless product, m.p. 63 °C, is 9.3 g (61%). 

Reduction of nitrobenzene in methanolic or ethanolic sodium hydroxide solution with zinc powder leads to azobenzene or hydrazobenzene according to the proportion of zinc powder employed (Expts. 6.90 and 6.91). Hydrazobenzene may be oxidised to azobenzene by sodium hypobromite solution at 0 °C. 

Another example is the Hofmann reaction in which an amide is converted to an amine having one fewer carbon atoms (Equation 2.6 and Scheme 2.11). The reaction is usually initiated by adding the amide to cold alkaline sodium hypobromite solution (bromine and aqueous NaOH), followed by rapid warming [22] ... 

In the first vessel, a solution of NaOH (4.1 mol) dissolved in 940 ml water was treated with bromine (0.5 mol) over 45 minutes at 0°C. In a second reaction vessel, the Step 6 product (0.4 mol) dissolved in 400 ml 2M NaOH containing 16 g NaOH was cooled to 5°C, then treated with the sodium hypobromite solution from the first vessel while keeping reaction below 10°C. The mixture was stirred for 15 minutes at 10°C, then warmed to 45°C within 30 minutes. The heating was removed and an exothermic reaction proceeded for about 1 hour with a peak temperature of about 50°C. The mixture was gradually heated to 70°C over 20 minutes and maintained at that temperature for 10 minutes, then cooled to 40°C. The solution pH was then lowered to 6.8 using 330 ml 12 M HC1 and a precipitate formed. After standing overnight at ambient temperature, the mixture was cooled to 10°C, filtered, washed with water, and the product isolated in 83% yield. 

If the solution of tetracyanonickelate(II) is heated with sodium hypobromite solution (prepared in situ by adding bromine water to sodium hydroxide solution), the complex decomposes and a black nickel(III) hydroxide precipitate is formed (difference from cobalt ions) ... 

Colour Test. Add sodium hypobromite solution to the sample— orange-red. 

Colour Test. Dissolve the sample in 1 ml of chloroform, add 0.2 ml of sodium hypobromite solution and mix for 1 minute— blue-violet (detection limit 250 pg/ml). 

Sodium Hypobromite Solution dissolve 5 ml of bromine m 50 ml of a 40% solution of sodium hydroxide, with agitation and coolmg... 

A novel synthetic route for the preparation of unsymmetrically substituted benzophenones was developed in the laboratory of C.-M. Andersson utilizing an iron-mediated aromatic substitution as one of the key steps. The power of this method was demonstrated by the formal synthesis of the benzophenone moiety of the protein kinase C inhibitor balanol. In the late stages of the synthesis, it became necessary to convert the aromatic methyl ketone functionality of the highly substituted benzophenone substrate to the corresponding carboxylic acid. Bromine was added to sodium hydroxide solution, and the resulting sodium hypobromite solution was slowly added to the substrate at low temperature. Upon acidification the desired carboxylic acid was obtained in fair yield. 

An interesting reaction of the early steroid literature is the oxidation of cholesterol suspended in sodium hypobromite solution to the Diels acid. In describing a supposedly improved procedure, Shoppee and Summers do not slate the yield. The... 

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