Sodium homeostasis receptors

KInIns, human peptide hormones implicated in many physiological and pathological processes, including reduction of blood pressure and regulation of sodium homeostasis, inflammation and the cardioprotective effects of preconditioning. The kallikrein-kinin system (KKS) of the plasma generates bradykinin (BK), whereas the tissue KKS is responsible for the formation of kallidin. The kinin action is mediated via two types of kinin receptor, the type 1 (Bi) and type 2 (B2). Bi... 

The control of body fluid, sodium, and energy homeostasis is fundamental to mammalian life. The mechanisms involved are complex and rely heavily on receptor-mediated events. Given the ubiquity of n-3 fatty acids in mammalian cell membranes and the reliance of receptor protein activity on membrane lipid composition, we felt it timely to review the mechanisms responsible for body fluid, sodium, and energy homeostasis and to examine evidence suggesting modulation of these processes by n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFAs). 

Another peptide, atrial natriuretic peptide, does not appear to be as specific as oxytocin and somatostatin. Central administration of atrial natriuretic peptide has been shown to attenuate both the increase in water intake caused by water deprivation and the increase in sodium intake caused by sodium depletion (Nakamura, Katsuura, Nakao, Imura, 1985 Tarjan, Denton, Weisinger, 1988 Weisinger, Blair-West, Denton, Tarjan, 1992). Atrial natriuretic peptide, a28-amino acid peptide, audits receptors are distributed widely throughout the brain including many of the areas thought to be involved in body fluid homeostasis (e.g., many of the brain areas that contain ANG II receptors such as the SFO, MnPO, OVLT, and PVN) (Mendelsohn, Allen, Chai, Sexton, Figdor, 1987 Quirion et al.. 1984),... 

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