Sodium green

Fireworks above Paris La Grande Arche is in the foreground. Many of the coiors in fireworks are produced from atomic emission red from strontium, orange from caicium, yeiiow from sodium, green from barium, and biue from copper. The sharp iines observed in the emission spectra of atoms can oniy be expiained using the quantum theory of atomic structure. 

Crown ethers conjugated to the ben-zofuranyl fluorophore (SBFl and PBFl), sodium green, CoroNa Red,... 

Despa, S. Vecer, J. Steels, P. Ameloot, M. Fluorescence lifetime microscopy of the Na indicator sodium green in HeLa cells. Anal. Biochem. 2000, 281, 159-175. 

Amorino, G. R Fox, M. H. Intracellular Na" " measurements using sodium green tetraacetate with flow cjflometry. Cytometry 1995, 21, 248-256. 

Fusion of a manganese compound with sodium carbonate and potassium nitrate (on porcelain) gives a green manganate(VI) (p.. 86)... 

The normal carbonate CuCOj is not known two naturalls occurring basic carbonates have already been mentioned. If a solution of, for example, sodium carbonate is added to a solution of a copper(II) salt, a green basic carbonate is precipitated the reactions are ... 

Ltebermann Reaction To 1 minute crystal of sodium nitrite in a clean dry test-tube add 0 5 g. of phenol and heat very gently for about 20 seconds allow to cool and add twice the volume of cone. H2S04. On rotating the tube slowly in order to mix the contents, a deep green or deep blue coloration develops (some times only after i 2 minutes). Dilute cautiously with water the solution turns red. Now add an excess of NaOH solution the green or blue coloration reappears. 

Benzophenone. To o 5g.of benzophenone add 1 g. of naphthalene (as a solvent) and heat until completely molten. Add a small piece of sodium and heat again. The surface of the sodium becomes green, and the colour [which is that of the free radical, (C H5),C-ONa] spreads throughout the molten mass on strong heating. 

Transfer 30 g. of the hydrochloride to a 500 ml. separatory funnel, add 100 ml. of water and shake until a thin paste of uniform consistency is obtained add 10 per cent, aqueous sodium hydroxide solution in the cold with shaking until the whole mass has become bright green (the colour of the free base) and the mixture has an alkaUne reaction. Extract the free base by shaking with two 60 ml. portions of benzene (1). Dry the combined benzene extracts with a Uttle anhydrous potassium carbonate, and filter into a distiUing flask fitted with a water condenser. Distil off about half of the benzene, and pour the residual hot benzene solution into a beaker. Upon cooUng, the p-nitrosodimethylaniUne erystallises in deep green leaflets. Filter these off and dry them in the air. The yield of p-nitrosodimethylaniUne, m.p. 85°, from the hydrochloride is almost quantitative. 

Dissolve 1 g. of the secondary amine in 3-5 ml. of dilute hydrochloric acid or of alcohol (in the latter case, add 1 ml. of concentrated hydrochloric acid). Cool to about 5° and add 4-5 ml. of 10 per cent, sodium nitrite solution, and allow to stand for 5 minutes. Add 10 ml. of water, transfer to a small separatory funnel and extract the oil with about 20 ml. of ether. Wash the ethereal extract successively with water, dilute sodium hydroxide solution and water. Remove the ether on a previously warmed water bath no flames should be present in the vicinity. Apply Liebermann s nitroso reaction to the residual oil or solid thus. Place 1 drop or 0 01-0 02 g. of the nitroso compovmd in a dry test-tube, add 0 05 g. of phenol and warm together for 20 seconds cool, and add 1 ml. of concentrated sulphuric acid. An intense green (or greenish-blue) colouration will be developed, which changes to pale red upon pouring into 30-50 ml. of cold water the colour becomes deep blue or green upon adding excess of sodium hydroxide solution. 

Sodium terbium borate is used in solid-state devices. The oxide has potential application as an activator for green phosphors used in color TV tubes. It can be used with Zr02 as a crystal stabilizer of fuel cells which operate at elevated temperature. Few other uses have been found. 

FIGURE 19 5 Electrostatic potential map of sodium stearate Most of the molecule is comprised of a nonpolar hydrocarbon chain (green) One end is very polar as indicated by the red and blue associated with the carboxylate and sodium ions respectively... 

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