Social solidarity

Each nation that has implemented universal health insurance has created its system in the context of cultural, political, and economic values. The values held by other advanced countries that support universal health care include a sense of national and community responsibility, social solidarity, universality, equity, acceptance of the role of government, and skepticism about markets in addressing social and human needs. Political and economic values shape the administrative and financial dimensions of their health systems. As a result, each system is unique in its balance of central and local decision-making, the power and role of hospitals and physicians, and the extent to which market forces allocate resources. 

Reinhardt, U. E. Accountable Health Care Is It Compatible with Social Solidarity Office of Health Economics Annual Lecture. Office of Health Economics London, 1997. 

From the dependability it follows that the critical infrastructure, the system of which play the key role in a society becanse it affects the decision making cycle of public administration and political and social solidarity and support in removing of physical and psychic harms, is very complex, and thus vulnerable. Therefore, in assessment they would be described and characterised three basic properties of critical infrastructure, namely ... 

But why has corporate manslaughter emerged as an issue in more neoliberal societies but not in jurisdictions where there might be a greater commitment to welfarism and social solidarity, ostensibly the values that such an offence seeks to promote The answer is that it is not needed in these other jurisdictions precisely because they already have a... 

To develop this work, data was collected from questionnaires made to the direct action helpers from Institutions with Domiciliary Services, Portuguese Union of Mercy (PUM) and Private Institutions of Social Solidarity (PISS). 

Amsterdamska, Olga, 1987, Intellectuals in social movements The experts of solidarity. In The Social Direction of the Public Sciences, edited by S, Blume, J, Bunders, L. Ley-desdorff, and R, Whitley, 153-186, Dordrecht, Boston, and London D. Reidel. 

There are three sectors in the Mexican health care system public, social security, and private. The public sector is primarily directed and operated by the Secretariat of Health. The public sector of health services is under the Secretariat of Health and is coordinated by over 200 health districts. The Federal District Department provides health care services to some 3.2 million people in Mexico City. The Mexican Social Security Institute (IMSS) Solidarity program covers another 10 million people in rural areas. 

The social security system relies on solidarity and is open to all. Nevertheless, it relies on the principle of cissurance. It is financed by contributions from employees and employers (Jacobzone 1998). 

An important sub-variety of rational action is strategic behaviour, that is choices that take account of the conjectured or anticipated choices of other agents. The incorporation of the strategic aspect into rational-choice theory allows one to formulate three sets of interdependencies that pervade social life, (i) The reward of each depends on the rewards of all, by envy, altruism or solidarity. (ii) The reward of each depends on the choices of all, by general social causality. (Hi) The choice of each depends on the choices of all, by strategic reasoning. The third objection above can Chen be restated as follows rational-choice theory is not able to take into account that (tv) the preferences of each depend on the actions of all. ... 

Now it might be claimed that the construction is devoid of interest for the same reason that made Marx reject the other stratification schemes, namely that such quantitative relations cannot explain social conflict or collective action. Discrete and stable collective actors cannot emerge out of a continuous stratification scheme. I return to this contention below. Here I want only to observe that the first (incomplete) comparative relation of exploitation is not necessarily more suitable in this respect. The issue of comparison vs. interaction is more central than that of discreteness vs. continuity. Conflicts tend to arise out of interaction, not out of mere comparison. Interacting with a common enemy galvanizes solidarity more than merely comparing oneself with other, more favourably placed, agents. 

Finally, a cornerstone of the entire social security system is the solidarity principle, which distinguishes it from other non-solidarity-based protection forms, although these can be installed to provide additional security. 

The equal treatment principle naturally applies not only to the social sphere, but to society as a whole. Yet, the solidarity precept inherent in social security makes equal treatment especially important here. 

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