Soap products, purification

Fred Soap Production Chemist assisting with the purification process and checking steps as required ... 

These considerations are important in regard to different systems such as paints, cements, adhesives, photographic products, water purification, sewage disposal, emulsions, chromatography, oil recovery, paper and print industry, microelectronics, soaps and detergents, catalysts, and biological systems (such as cell, virus). In some... 

Bleaching is popularly and correctly regarded as the partial or complete removal of color. However, it is also a purification process to prepare the oil for further processing. Bleaching is relied upon to remove the traces of soap, phospholipids and pro-oxidant metals, remaining after caustic neutralization and water washing, that hinder filtration, poison the hydrogenation catalyst, darken the oil, and adversely affect the flavor of the finished oil. Another function, considered primary by many processors, is the removal of peroxides and secondary oxidation products. These impurities compete for space on the adsorbent surface of the filter media. 

Products and Uses Frequently used in various bleaches, deodorants, antiseptics, water purification, dyes, and germicidal soaps. It is for purifying air in sick rooms. 

The reaction velocity ceui be influenced significantly by the choice of the reaction temperature and quantity of soap, without the formation of too much of the anhydro-compounds. As the soap has to be eliminated from the reaction product after the reaction and especially when the reaction product is to be used directly without purification, the queintity of soap chosen preferably will be as low as possible. The reactions usually are carried out under an inert gas for the exclusion of oxygen. The reaction products can be purified by known methods, like the methods used for the purification of sucrose esters of fatty acids. 

Since the transesterification of glycerides is an amphoteric catalytic reaction, it can be carried out in presence of either an acid catalyst or a base catalyst. For an alkali-catalyzed transesterification, the raw materials must be anhydrous and with low FFAs less than 1% to avoid the production of soap (348). If the content of such compounds is greater, the acid-catalyzed transesterification can be utilized (349). However, the use of a liquid acid catalyst is costly, since it needs a distillation process for water removal, a methanol recycling unit, purification of ester, and separation of the homogeneous catalyst (350,351). 

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