Smoke generators stationary

When the United States entered the war the long-standing Panama Canal screening project was immediately revived. At the time, the smoke pot was the only screening munition available and it required too many men to make a Panama smoke installation feasible. The stationary generator proved more satisfactory, and, as a consequence, Lt. Gen. Frank M. Andrews, Caribbean Defense Command, recommended that plans for screening in the Department be implemented as soon as possible. By i January 1943 two smoke generator companies had... 

Even when great care was taken to ensure that the liquid feed was introduced to the disc in an axisymmetric manner with the minimum disturbance, the smooth inner him always broke down into an array of spiral ripples, as shown in Figures 5 and 6. These spiral structures then broke down further until the wave pattern became utterly chaotic, provided that the disc was big enough. It is known that liquid him how over a surface is intrinsically unstable, and the phenomenon has been studied by several workers (3-7). It appears to be qualitatively equivalent to the breakdown of a smoke plume rising from a lighted cigarette, where a chaotic zone is generated about 20 cm above the source. The behavior can also be observed when a liquid him hows over a stationary surface such as a windowpane or a dam spillway. 

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