Synthetic smog

Taylor, O. C., E. A. Cardiff, J. D. Mersereau, and J. T. Middleton. Effect of airborne reaction products of ozone and 1-N-hexene vapor (synthetic smog) on growth of avocado seedlings. Proc. Amer. Soc. Hort. Sci. 71 320-325, 1958. 

Photolytic. When synthetic air containing gaseous nitrous acid and 4-methyl-2-pentanone was exposed to artificial sunlight k = 300-450 nm), photooxidation products identified were acetone, peroxyacetal nitrate, and methyl nitrate (Cox et al, 1980). In a subsequent experiment, the OH-initiated photooxidation of 4-methyl-2-pentanone in a smog chamber produced acetone (90% yield) and peroxyacetal nitrate (Cox et al, 1981). Irradiation at 3130 A resulted in the formation of acetone, propyldiene, and free radicals (Calvert and Pitts, 1966). 

Falk, H. L., I. Markul, and P. Kotin, Aromatic Hydrocarbons. IV. Their Fate Following Emission into the Atmosphere and Experimental Exposure to Washed Air and Synthetic Smog, Arch. Ind. Health, 13, 13-17 (1956). 

Air-borne Reaction Products of Ozone and 1-N-Hexene Vapor (Synthetic Smog) on Growth of Avocado Seedlings, Amer. Soc. Hort. Sci. (1958) 71, 320. 

Comparative analyses by the two methods of natural and synthetic (ozone-hexene) smogs gave a different pattern of results than for ozone-air mixtures. In some cases, analyses by the alkaline procedure gave results higher than those by the neutral procedure. 

The complexity of photochemical air pollution challenged toxicologists early on to ascertain its potential to affect human health adversely. Although ozone was quickly suspected as a primary toxicant because of its reactivity and abundance, a number of studies were undertaken with actual (outdoor-derived) smog or synthetic (photolyzed laboratory-prepared atmospheres) smog in an attempt to assess... 

The atmosphere is the recipient of many of the products of our technological society. These effluents include products of combustion of fossil fuels and the development of new synthetic chemicals. Historically these emissions can lead to unforeseen consequences in the atmosphere. Classical examples include the realization in the 1950s that motor vehicle emissions could lead to urban smog and the realization in the 1970s that emissions of chlorofluorocarbons from aerosol spray cans and refrigerators could cause the depletion of stratospheric ozone. 

The synthetic crude product is inherently cleaner than its oil-based diesel competitor, which often is high in sulfur. Shell plans to market this cleaner fuel as a means of reducing smog in the world s 27 largest cities (megacities) and the Southern California Air District. 

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