Smearing measured curve

Fig. 24. Smeared scattering curves (range of high q-values) of the PS-latex after addition ot different amounts of Triton X-405 measured in water. The curves refer to the following Triton concentrations expressed by mg Triton per g PS 0 mg/g + 28 mg/g 115 mg/g (saturation) X 195 mg/g 364 mg/g 0 694 mg/g V 1020 mg/g. All data have been taken from Ref. [53]...

Measurements of the transit times of weak shock waves ( 10Q bar) were used to obtain sound wave velocities in larger specimens than listed in Table II. In the arrangement of Fig 3 a cylinder (or slab) of the expl was immersed in a Plexiglas container filled with water. Initiation of the detonator produced a shock wave which arrived nearly plane thru the water at the surface of the expl specimen. The motion of wave was recorded by a smear camera using a shadowgraph technique. Plots of Us up relationships showed that the resulting curves were nearly straight lines and that for particle velocities, up, from 0.3 to 1.2 mm/ftsec, shock wave velocities are ... 

Is the smeared stop-spike for ATh (Fig. 14) what we see for a hump on the measured capacitance curve, or is it screened by molecular reorientations. We don t know that. Moreover, the specific adsorption of ions, which was assumed absent, can give rise to a hump too. Somehow this feature is interesting because of its quantum-mechanical origin and direct dependence on the nature of the metal. The more densely packed the metal surface, the more abrupt the stop, the sharper the spike. Open surfaces should favor soft landing and the hump would... 

In the region of the alpha-beta transition at 270 K, the measurements of Gerstein et al. (1964) show a considerable scatter and no firm evidence of a transition, possibly because the samples consisted of a mixture of both phases and the transition would be smeared out. Based on a measurement of the volume difference between the two phases and the slope of the pressure curve, Bucher et al. (1970) used the Clausius-Clapeyron equation to calculate an... 

Fig. 4-18. Compton profile anisotropy for a-BN. The solid curve represents the measurement by [9] the dashed line corresponds to the LCAO calculation of [10] smeared for the effect of experimental resolution while the chained line is additionally smeared for the effects of mosaic spread and annular source geometry. For additional details, see [9].

Another less known method calculates the impurity directly from the shape of the measured melting curve of the impure substance, taking account of the smearing effect by proper corrections (Bader, Schawe, and Hbhne, 1993). 

Finally, the apparatus function (see Section 6.3) should be known because it yields the apparatus-caused smearing of the thermal effect and the time constant. The apparatus function is obtained by generating a heat pulse in the sample and dividing the obtained heat flow rate function by the peak area (normalization) (see Section 6.3.4 and Figure 9.4). Such parameters as the sample mass, the magnitude of the heat pulse, and occasionally the heating rate are to be varied. If all the normalized curves obtained in this manner are identical, there is one single apparatus function, and the measured heat flow rate function of the calorimeter can be desmeared (see Section 6.3). The halfwidth of the apparatus function yields approximately the time constant of the calorimeter. 

High-resolution XPS measurements of Baer (1976) confirm the gross features of the above interpretation of the reflectivity data. The Fermi energy Ef is located —0.6 eV above the edge of the valence band but energy states up to Ep appear to be occupied. Unfortunately the resolution is not sufficient to decide whether the valence band really overlaps with the d(t2g) band or whether the valence band is simply smeared out by states due to defects. In the former case we deduce from the XPS curve that the GdP sample was anion deficient since in a stoichiometric semimetal the Fermi energy should lie closely below but not above the edge of the valence band. 

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