Slow-fill

The mass balance equation for the SBR with slow fill resembles that of unsteady-state CMFR with variable volume. As originally conceived, SBR operation includes a react period after fill. Thus, a slow fill system s represented by a CMFR followed by a PFR, die minimum volume configuration for an activated sludge system capable of achieving the desired overall treatment performance (Irvine and Ketchum, 1989). 

The larger, heavier fuel tank that is used has a limited range of about 100 miles. Refilling takes two to three times longer than refilling from a gasoline pump. Some slow fill stations can take several hours and the limited availability of filling stations can be a problem. 

Very slowly ( 1 mL/sec) pour ice cream salt (rock salt) to the 100-mL level in a graduated cylinder. Quickly pour the contents through a funnel into another 100-mL graduated cylinder. Repeat using both fast and slow fill rates. With the level greater than 100 mL, cover the top of the cylinder with your hand and shake vigorously until the level falls to 100 mL. 

Use of CNG as a transport sector fuel requires investment in a dramatically different fuel supply system. Gas has to be taken from a gas distribution system, usually at a pressure of 0.3 to 1 MPa, and compressed to 20 MPa into vehicle CNG tanks. Without intermediate storage at the CNG vehicle Ailing station, a slow fill system is used that only has compressors. About 8 hours are required for refueling the vehicles. For a more rapid fill but usually no faster than 5 min, larger compressors and intermediate storage are required. 

Fast-fill CNG refueling systems need a dispenser to direct the CNG into the vehicles. Dispensers include a meter to measure the amount of the CNG that went into the vehicle and, for public refueling stations, the cost of that gas. In slow-fill systems, a hose and a connector is provided for each vehicle, and metering to determine the amount of CNG going into the vehicle is usually cost prohibitive. For this reason, slow-fill is usually considered practical only for vehicles of a single fleet. 

Habler HJ, Janig W, Koltzenburg M (1992) Myelinated primary afferents of the sacral spinal cord responding to slow filling and distension of the cat urinary bladder. J Physiol 463 449 160... 

Strontium isotope data show significant differences between the 30/7a-4a well and the others. The 30/7a-4a data show a steady evolution in Sr/ Sr ratio with depth — consistent with slow filling of the reservoir. The 30/7a-6 well and Joanne wells have almost vertical profiles, which extend beyond the oil-water contact, implying recent and rapid filling. 

Slow filling of the module and water forced convection ... 

Fig. 7.8. Gastroduodenal arteriogram in a patient who had undergone two previous coil embolizations for a slow filling pseudoaneurysm that filled from small GDA and pancreaticoduodenal branches. In this late phase the pseudoaneurysm has recurred from numerous small duodenal collaterals. Further embolization was not possible...

Injection molding machines Resin should be dried < 0.02 %. Do not use resin that has been out of the dryer for > 20 min. Cold molds are difficult to fill and require higher injection pressures. Hot molds, generally, give better finish and less molded-in stress. Melt temperature is very sensitive to very small changes in rpm or back pressure despite sensor or controller set point. Measure with hand held pyrometer or laser sensor. Need slower fill rate for spme-gated parts to prevent blush, splash or jetting. If the walls are > 5 mm, then slow fill helps reduce sinks and voids. 

Figure 9.22 Fast (open points) and slow (filled points) diffusion coefficients of 100 nm polystyrene sulfate spheres in solutions of polyacrylic acid-co-acrylamide in the presence of 0.001 (O) or 1.0 (0) M NaNOs, from data of Bremmell and...

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