Sleep Time since

Women No, Madam. And I can t imagine what made you put in that question right after that question about do I sleep enough. 1 have danced a couple of times since I left but for the most part all we have a chance to do is to talk about women, and that takes up lots of time. 

The time of falling asleep is determined by three factors, which in normal sleepers occur at bedtime. These are (a) circadian rhythm, i.e. the body s natural clock in the hypothalamus triggers the rest/ sleep part of the sleep-wake cycle, (b) tiredness, i.e. time since last sleep, usually about 16 hours and (c) lowered mental and physical arousal. If one of these processes is disrupted then sleep initiation is difficult, and it is these three factors that are addressed by a standard sleep hygiene program (see below). Early in the course of insomnia rigorous adherence to sleep hygiene principles alone may restore the premorbid sleep pattern but in some patients the circadian process is less stable and they are less susceptible to these measures. 

In building the task network model, one can build functions to degrade a specific task s performance through an arithmetic weighting of sldll-degradation multipliers that are derived from the degradation functions. For example, if the fatigue parameter was time since sleep and the value of that parameter was 36 hours since sleep, the task time performance multipliers would be as follows in the example above ... 

Figure 18 Frequency Distribution of Expected Human Performance as a Function of Time Since Sleep That Was Derived Using Task Network Modeling.

The sleep-dependent component shows highest alertness immediately after sleep resembling the recovery efieci, and then alertness decreases with time. Therefore, this component is sometimes called time-since-sleep effect. Sleep inertia and the time-since-sleep component are influenced by quantity and quality of previous sleep. However, the quantitative elfect of sleep quality and quantity on these components is less well documented. 

As we relax in preparation for and pass into sleep, the active desynchronised awake EEG characterised by the low-amplitude (5-10 pV) high-frequency (10-30 Hz) beta waves becomes progressively more synchronised giving larger (20-30 pV) and slower (8-12 Hz) alpha waves, and then even slower (1-4 Hz) and bigger (30-150 pV) delta waves. This so-called slow-wave sleep is interrupted at intervals of some 1-2h by the break-up and desynchronisation of the EEG into an awake-like pattern. Since this is accompanied by rapid eye movements, even though sleep persists and can be deeper, the phase is known as rapid eye movement, REM or paradoxical, sleep. It is a time when dreaming occurs and when memory may be secured. 

A classic example of a medicinal plant of Asia and the Pacific with GABAergic properties is Piper methysticum Forst. (Kava, British Pharmaceutical Codex, 1934), or kava-kava, the rhizomes of which have been used since a very early period of time by Polynesians to allay anxiety and reduce fatigue. Kava has been marketed in Europe to treat sleep disorders and anxiety. The beverage normally induces a form of euphoria, described as a happy state of complete comfort and peace, with ease of conversation... 

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