SLC22 transporter

Neurotransmitter transporters Members of the family of solute carriers Products of the (solute carrier) SLC1, SLC6, SLC17, SLC18, and SLC22 gene families... 

In the renal epithelium, many uptake transporters are localized in the basolateral membrane and efflux transporters are localized in the apical membrane (Figure 15.2). As a result, vectorial transport of endogenous substances and of drugs from the blood into the urine is achieved. The important uptake transporters are members of the SLC22 family of solute carriers, especially the family members OCT2 and OAT2, which are highly expressed in human kidney. 

Koepsell, H. and Endou, H. (2004) The SLC22 drug transporter family. Pflugers Archiv, 447, 666-676. 

H. Koepsell, and H. Endou. The SLC22 drug transporter family. Pflueers Arch 447 666-676 (2004). 

Kobayashi D, Nozawa T, Imai K et al. (2003) Involvement of human organic anion transporting polypeptide OATP-B (SLC21A9) in pH dependent transport across intestinal apical membrane. J Pharmacol Exp Therap 306 703-708 Koepsell H, Endou H (2004) The SLC22 drug transporter family. Pflugers Arch 447(5) 666-676... 

One of the many families included in the MFS is the SLC (solute carrier) superfamiiy. The SLC superfamiiy represents approximately 300 genes in the human genome that encode for either facilitated transporters or secondary active symporters or antiporters. Members of the SLC superfamiiy transport various ionic and nonionic endogenous compounds and xenobiotics. The SLC22 family includes anion and cation transporters (Organic Anion Transporters, OATs Organic Cation Transporters, OCTs). 

The orgaiuc anion and cation transporters of the SLC22 gene family share a common theme with the MDTs discussed above. These polyspeciflc transporters handle an impressive broad substrate range. Many substrates are noxious to the organism, and these transporters actively remove them. The reasons they are not considered MDTs are therefore probably just historic. 

Rizwan AN, Burckhardt G. Organic anion transporters of the SLC22 family biopharmaceutical, physiological, and pathological roles. Pharm. Res. 2007 24 450-470. 

SLC22 (8) Organic cation transporters OCT Kidney, liver, intestine... 

Slc22/Organic Ion Transporter Family. Few studies have reported the induction of Slc22a genes by PXR activators. By using rat hepatoma RL-34 cells, cultured primary rat hepatocytes and animals, it was shown that PCN induced the expression of rat hepatic Octl (Slc22al) mRNA. Induction of Octl transporter activity was further demonstrated ex vivo by increased uptake of the prototypical substrate MPP+ into hepatocytes, which were isolated from PCN-treated rats, compared to cells, which were isolated from control animals and in vivo by an increase in biliary excretion of TEA in PCN-treated rats [130]. 

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