Slants Slopes

In comparison to plates where the goal is to provide a relatively large surface area for isolation (see the following section), slants or, as they are sometimes called, slopes are utilized primarily for routine storage of cultures. Unlike broths or dilution blanks which utilize slip-over caps, or less desirably cotton plugs, slant cultures should be maintained in screw-cap test tubes. 

Container (basket) to hold tubes and media during the autoclave 

Transfer an appropriate volume of agar (depending on culture tube size) to fill 50-60% of the tube s volume when slanted. This may be determined using water and an extra tube of the same dimension. 

Transfer the previously determined volume of agar to each test tube, then cap. Caps should be tightened to snug and then loosened one-half turn prior to autoclaving. 

Upon completion of the autoclave cycle, remove tubes and retighten caps. 

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When necessary, liquids may be made solid by the inclusion of agar at 1.5-2% (wt/vol). Agar is a complex polysaccharide prepared from seaweed. It is not utilized by bacteria/yeast and, at temperatures <45° C (113°F), maintains the medium in solid form. Solidified media may be prepared and poured after autoclaving as plates, as slants (slopes), or as agar deeps. Preparation of each is described as follows ... 

The familiar steps for the theoretical stages on the McCabe-Thiele diagram are modified on the Ryan plot. The vertical portions remain vertical, but the horizontal portions become slanted with a slope of -1.00 (see Figure 2). 

Neige, /. inclination slope, gradient dregs, sediment decline, wane, neigen, v.t. incline, bend, — v.r. incline, bend, lean, slope, dip. decline, bow tend. — ge-neigt, p.a. inclined, etc, slanting disposed, favorable. 

SchrafFur, /. shaded or hatched part, schrilg, a. oblique, sloping, slanting. Inclined, bevel, diagonal. 

Schragstrahlen, m.pl. Physics) skew rays. Schragung, /. slope, slant, inclination, bevel, chamfer. 

The CMC of C14DAO is about 1 x 10 M at 25 C. Below the CMC a typical buffering action is observed (4 x ICT M), above the CMC the titration curves are slanted toward lower pH s with increasing HCl concentration 0.2 M having a steeper slope than 8 X 10 M. Addition of SDS to a solution of C DAO affects the HCl titration curve markedly and will be discussed later. 

Broken-line graphs illustrate a measurable change over time. If a line is slanted up, it represents an increase, whereas a line sloping down represents a decrease. A flat line indicates no change as time elapses. 

Values for the off-diagonal component of the K tensor usually are scaled to those of Kvy by means of heat-flux data. The Kyz values determine the slope of the mixing surface. In the lower stratosphere of the northern hemisphere the values are negative—that is, the mixing surface is slanted downward as one goes from equator to pole. Since the Kvz terms do not contribute directly to the rate of transport, we shall not discuss them further. 

Slant increase in A// and A5 per methylen- slope of these lines (AA//j/-CH2- and ic unit, and therefore to the disordering of -AA5i/-CH2-) are nearly equivalent for an additional -CH2- unit of the spacer. The both nematic and smectic disordering, re-... 

Winsor s type II diagram and phase behavior, which is noted 2 for a similar reason as exposed previously, embodies the opposite situation, in which the poly-phasic equilibrium consists of an inverse micellar oil solution Si that eventually solubilizes enough water to become a W/O microemulsion with separated or percolated water droplets ora bicontinuous one, in equilibrium with an es.sentially pure aqueous phase. In this case the tie line slope is slanted the other way and the critical point is located at the extreme left of the binodai curve. 

McCnun et al. (1967) have listed the various secondary relaxations observed in PMMA. The one that has been most widely studied is the p-relaxation of the COOCH3 ester side group. It has been studied extensively both by dielectric relaxation and by mechanical relaxation. We consider here only the latter mechanical relaxations, which are summarized in Fig. 5.10, where the relaxation information is plotted as either the temperature of the loss peak in dynamic experiments at constant frequency or as the frequency of the loss peak in experiments conducted at constant temperature. All results are plotted along the slanted P-line. The figure also shows on the left side a steep line that represents the a-relaxation. This should not have appeared on this kinetic plot, and its slope is too steep to show its characteristic curvature representing the WLF form of relaxation. It is included only to show the relative positions of the specific secondary relaxations against the a-relaxation. 

Lines between regions. The lines are the phase-transition curves discussed earlier. Any point along a line shows the pressure and temperature at which the phases are in equilibrium. The solid-liquid line has a slightly positive slope (slants to the right with increasing pressure) because, for most substances, the solid is more dense than the liquid an increase in pressure converts the liquid to the solid. (Water is the major exception.)... 

The Solid-Liquid Line for Water The phase diagram for water has the same four features but differs from others in one major respect that reveals a key property. Unlike almost any other substance, the solid form is less dense than the liquid that is, water expands upon freezing. Thus, the solid-liquid line has a negative slope (slants to the left with increasing pressure) an increase in pressure converts the solid to the liquid, and the higher the pressure, the lower the temperature at which water freezes (Figure 12.8B). The vertical dashed line at - 1°C crosses the solid-liquid line, which means that ice melts with only an increase in pressure. 

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