Phase transition curve

Figure 14.9 Phase transition curve for a droplet of NaCl solution.

From S = 5° we have that along the 2nd order phase transition curve that d = dSP or... 

The addition of a compressed or supercritical gas to a polymer-solvent system, which acts as an antisolvent because of the introduction of free volume, has various effects [6] (i) all phase transition curves shift to higher pressure, which is needed to keep the gas in solution, and... 

Thermogravimetry (TG - loss of sample mass over a range of 30-550 C) and DSC (phase transition curves recorded over a range of 30-250 C) were used to... 

The surfaces D and B, located symmetrically in the region C > 0 and C < 0, characterize the regions of first-order phase transitions, bounded by the lines of the critical points (the dashed curves in Figure 1..38). Thus, two curves of critical points and their continuous phase transitions curve counterpart intersect at the tricritical point (Griffiths, 1970, 1973),... 

Formal phase transition curves for different mechanisms of molecular interaction are shown in Fig. 2a. Since these mechanisms are independent, the curves after intersection continue to keep their course and divide the phase plane into four sections. The point D turns out to be not triple but quadruple. The area of existence of second intermediate state, second liquid L2, together with that of liquid, Li, appears on the phase plane. 

Lines between regions. The lines are the phase-transition curves discussed earlier. Any point along a line shows the pressure and temperature at which the phases are in equilibrium. The solid-liquid line has a slightly positive slope (slants to the right with increasing pressure) because, for most substances, the solid is more dense than the liquid an increase in pressure converts the liquid to the solid. (Water is the major exception.)... 

Fig. 4 - Lipid phase transition curves of an equimolar mixture of...

Figure 14.12. (a) Temperature-dependence of the pitch for three different a-hydroxy carbon acids (see Figure 14.9) in identical host phases (CDEABr/decanol/water), after [51]. (b) Temperature-dependence of the pitch close to the chiral nematic/lamellar phase transition curve parameter host phase composition wt/wt chiral dopant tomatine. 

Measurements of full sets of sorption-thermodynamic data can be achieved reliably and rapidly with conqmterized control systems for high data accuracy. Correction for de(ad)sorption due to inherent tenperature changes during SIM experiments can be made. Sorption-saturation values of a system can be assessed if its isosteres coincide withcharacteristic bulk-phase transition curves, e.g., evaporation or sublimation curves. Phase transitions of the sorption phase can be observed directly from characteristic bending of isosteres. Sorption isotherms at any temperature and pressure that are physically meaningful, can be calculated from either concentration dependences of thermodynamic functions or directly from sets of isosteres. 

MD-EPR approach has also been sueeessfully applied to study the dy-namies and ordering of the molecules in the bulk phases of soft matter systems sueh as nematic liquid crystals nCB doped with nitroxide spin probes. MD simulations have been reported at both coarsegrained and fully atomistic levels. Predicted ehanges in molecular order, dynamics and variable temperature EPR line shapes across the nematic (N) to isotropic (I) phase transitions showed excellent agreement with experiment. A combined MD-EPR approach provides a new level of detail to descriptions of molecular motions and order. Figure 7 shows snapshots of isotropie (top) and nematic (bottom) states of 8CB with doped CLS spin probe. It also presents comparison between predicted and measured EPR spectra of 8CB along the N-I phase transition curve... 

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