Size of batch

The relative sizes of batch equipment are specified by means of size factors Shj for a hypothetical product. The production requirements and characteristics of each product are converted to the equivalent data for the hypothetical product and the equipment sized to achieve the required production of the hypothetical product. The method proceeds in three steps (I) calculation of exact equipment sizes for a fixed number of units of the same size mj, (2) conversion of exact equipment sizes to standard sizes, and (3) choice of mj. 

Size of batches, Tablet press, Methods, Dissolution, Effect of the physical parameters of the active substance... 

Figure 4-1 shows two nozzles at the top of a batch reactor where charging of the reactants occurs. Batch reactors are used extensively in a final scale-up of an industrial plant. The choice of a batch reaction over a continuous system is often a result of special considerations. The size of batch reactors range from 5 gal (19 1) in small industrial pilot plants to 10,000-20,000 gal (38,000-76,000 1) in large plants. 

Ritcher, S. H. and Turner, F., Properly Program the Sizing of Batch Reactor Relief Systems, Chem. Eng. Prog., pp. 46-55, 1996. 

Addition time, 1.5 hrs. hold time, 1.5 hrs. size of batch, 1 liter. c Legend DCP, dicumyl peroxide. DTBP, di-ferJ-butyl peroxide. BzP, benzoyl peroxide. BPIC, butyl peroxy isopropyl carbonate. AZBN, azobisisobutyronitrile. 

The setup needed to run this reaction is simplicity itself. The primary requirement is a glass container to hold the reactants. For the size of batch we will be discussing, a 5000 ml round bottom flask or a one gallon wine jug perform admirably. For scaled up production, a 5 gallon office water cooler carboy fits the bill nicely. 

The second requirement is a stirring device. For the size of batch... 

Finally, as shown in Figure 4.7, stabilisation of the material may be necessary at various stages of the procedure. The best choice will depend on the type of material, size of batch and equipment available. 

The expiry date becomes a simple problem when the producer is sure to sell all his material in a period where the stability test can still be performed. An answer could be to reduce the size of the batch so that the market can absorb it within two or three years. This would be a situation similar to pharmaceutical production where frequency of production and size of batch are market driven. Unfortunately, CRM production is a costly business. In particular for many matrix CRMs the end-user population is limited. Having larger batches of CRMs allows a decrease in the cost per unit. Decreasing the batch size will increase the cost of the CRM for the end user. Such cost would become unacceptable for measurements performed in highly specialised fields with limited numbers of laboratories (e.g. toxins, dioxins etc). 

Use of a single-parameter limit often leads to an inconveniently small size of batch or equipment. To permit safe operation on a larger scale, combinations of two parameters that together are safely subcritical are sometimes specified, provided that the simultaneous presence of both parameters can be assured. For example, if the maximum concentration of plutonium in aqueous solution can be limited to 20 g/liter, the maximum safe diameter of a cylinder may be increased from the single-parameter limit of 15.7 cm (Table 4.11 or 10.25) to 25 cm (Fig. 10.35). 

Batch-number allocation should be immediately recorded, e.g., in a logbook. The record should include date of alocation, product identity, and size of batch. 

Batch numbers allocated for manufacture should be immediately recorded in a logbook held specific for the purpose. This includes date of allocation, product identity and size of batch. 

Size of batches and amounts to be used 5 Granules and dry syrups... 

Simulation, modelling and sizing of batch pressure filters has recently been described by Tarleton °. 

---