Single-base line process

Figure 2. Continuous automated single-base line process schematic. Note all compositions shown are nominal anticipated at each processing stage.

Fig. 7. Continuous process for solvent-extmded single-base propellant (automated single-base line). Vey = conveyor.

Figure 1 Two-dimensional contour plots of the log of the Raman-echo correlation function, In Cre(ti, T3), showing the effect of changing the rate of solvent-induced perturbations. All cases give a Raman line with the same FWHM (5 cm-1) and FIDs with similar decay times but give very different Raman echo results, (a) Fast modulation (b) intermediate modulation (A, = 3.32 cm-1, r( = 1.60 ps) (c) slow modulation. Calculations are based on a single Kubo-Anderson process [Equations (7)-(9)].

Nicole, J. F., Mills, P. L., Delaney, T. M., Multidimensional on-line process gas chromatography based on a single GC with two independently controlled ovens . Presented at AIChE 2000 Annual Meeting, Los Angeles, November 14, 2000, Session on Lab and Pilot Scale Instrumentation, Paper 276d. 

A worthwhile improvement to the results from DSC investigations of foods and food processes came from the large body of data published since the seventies about protein unfolding and denaturation [11,12] the careful choice of the base line trend and the deconvolution of the traces into single-transition components became more diffused among food scientists and the first examples of what should be done appeared in the relevant literature [13]. 

There are commercially available in-line or on-line viscometer devices. In-line devices are installed directly in the process while on-line devices are used to analyze a side stream of the process. Most devices are based on measuring the pressure drop and flow rate through a capillary. The viscosity is either determined at a single shear rate or, at most, a few shear rates. Complex fluids, on the other hand, exhibit a viscosity that cannot be so easily characterized. In order to capture enough information that allows, for example, a molecular weight distribution to be inferred, it is necessary to determine the shear viscosity over reasonably wide ranges of shear rates. 

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