Silver-Iron Battery

Silver—Iron Cells. The silver—iron battery system combines the advantages of the high rate capabiUty of the silver electrode and the cycling characteristics of the iron electrode. Commercial development has been undertaken (70) to solve problems associated with deep cycling of high power batteries for ocean systems operations. 

Buzzelli E (1978) Silver-iron battery performance characteristics. In Proceedings of the 28th power sources symposium. Electrochemical Society, Pennington, p 160... 

Charge/Discharge Characteristics. Typical charge-discharge curves for a silver-iron battery of the type shown in Fig. 25.22 are given in Fig. 25.24. The electrolyte is KOFI of 1.31 specific gravity with 15 g/L LiOH added. The batteries can withstand several complete reversals without appreciable adverse effect on capacity. 

E. BuzzeUi, Silver-Iron Battery Performance Characteristics, Proc. 28th Power Sources Symp., Electrochemical Society, Pennintgon, N.I., 1978, p. 160. 

FIGURE 38.44 Discharge profile of seawater power source at 80 /xA, 20°C. Current spikes represent charging of a small silver-iron battery. Neutral pH was maintained by periodic addition of hydrochloric acid. Courtesy of Westinghouse Corp.)... 

At the Prague Institute of Chemical Technology, F. Jirsa studied anodic oxidation of gold [15] later he published an important paper about silver electrode for a silver-iron battery [16], Jaroslav Chloupek (1899-1975), partly with V. Danes (1907-1980) and B. Danesova, studied the electrode potential in solutions of mixed manganese salts [17], the solubility and activity coefficient of Ag2S04 in some solutions [18], the ions and deviations from the approximation of Debye-Hiickel theory [19], the liquid potentials [20], and the anomalous valency effect of strong electrolytes in aqueous solution [21]. 

Eagle Picher (US) supply silver-iron batteries. 

FIGURE 25.22 3.5-kWh telecommunications iron/silver oxide battery. Courtesy of Westinghouse Electric Corp.)... 

FIGURE 25.24 Charge-discharge characteristics of nominal 140-Ah iron/silver oxide battery. From Ref. 20.)... 

G. A. Bayles, E. S. BuzzeUi, and 1. S. Lauer, Progress in the Development of a Silver-Iron Communications Battery, Proc. 34th Int. Power Sources Symp., Cherry HiU, N.I., lime 1990. 

Probably the best-known battery system using an iron anode is the nickd/iron battery. It should be written (—) Fe/KOH/NiO(OH) (-t), and has its merits as a heavy duty accumulator [28]. By far less famous and much more recent are the applications of iron anodes in (rechargeable) iron/air cells [(—) Fe/K0H/02 (-t)] [29, 30] and in iron/silver oxide batteries [(—) Fe/KOH(- -LiOH)/AgO (-t)] [31, 32]. 

Fig. 1. Schematic representation of a battery system also known as an electrochemical transducer where the anode, also known as electron state 1, may be comprised of lithium, magnesium, zinc, cadmium, lead, or hydrogen, and the cathode, or electron state 11, depending on the composition of the anode, may be lead dioxide, manganese dioxide, nickel oxide, iron disulfide, oxygen, silver oxide, or iodine.

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