Transduction signal, strategies

O neill LA (2006) Targeting signal transduction as a strategy to treat inflammatory diseases. Nat Rev Drug Discov 5 549-563... 

An alternative strategy to inhibit a protein kinase relies on different conformations that active and inactive protein kinase can acquire. Antagonists for a protein kinase can be selected that exclusively bind to the inactive form of the kinase, so as to sequester the molecule in a state that cannot participate in signal transduction. 

This strategy will likely he used to light-activate other enzymes of interest in living cells provided that enzymatic function is dependent on just one or a few residues of the protein. Another useful application could he the decaging of phosphorylated, ubiquitinated, or otherwise posttranslationally modified residues with light at specific time points for examination of signal transduction pathways. 

Grant S, Jarvis DW (1996) Modulation of drug-induced apoptosis by interruption of protein kinase C signal transduction pathway a new therapeutic strategy. Clin Cancer Res 2 1915-1920... 

A PET reporter site tethered to the rim of the bucket allows the chemosensing strategy of Scheme 12 to be developed. In this construct, the bucket simply acts as a scaffold for the PET reporter site. The receptor is not required for analyte recognition and large changes in conformation are not required for signal transduction. Rather, electron transfer from a lone pair to the frontier orbitals of the excited reporter quenches luminescence, which is recovered by the interaction of the analyte with the lone pair (see Fig. 6). 

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