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Signal transduction mechanisms issues

Genistein has been used for years as a model inhibitor of protein tyrosine kinases (PTKs). This ubiquitous enzyme, which is also present in thyroid foUicular ceUs, is involved in phosphorylation of tyrosyl residues of membrane-bound receptors leading to signal transduction. One of the signal transduction cascades leads to topoisomerase II, which participates in DNA replication. Blocking PTK activity is one of the mechanisms believed to be responsible for the anticancer potential of genistein. For reviews addressing this issue, which are beyond the scope of this chapter, see Peterson (1995), and Ravindranath et al (2004). [Pg.356]

The requisite research issues essential to the creation of fluorescent chemosensors are (1) how can one bind a molecular entity with selectivity (preferably from water), (2) what molecular changes result in fluorescence changes, and (3) what mechanisms for binding and fluorescence signal transduction intersect. [Pg.2]

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