Shorted metal lines

Figure 12a. Secondary electron SEM photograph of shorted metal lines 10,OOOX.

The common abbreviations are used M = metal, L = ligand, R = organic group, Me = methyl, Et = ethyl, Pr = propyl, Bu = butyl, Ar = aromatic group. Ph = phenyl, Cp = cyclopentadienyl, Hal = halogen, X = anionic substituent. Short straight lines around metal atoms denote carbonyl hgands omitted for the sake of clarity. 

Figure 1. The Slater-Pauling curve displaying saturation ferromagnetic moment for the first-row transition metal alloys. This figure shows a comparison of experimental values (solid curves) and predicted values (dashed lines) of the saturation ferromagnetic moment per atom, in Bohr magnetons, for Fe-Co, Co-Ni, and Ni-Cu alloys. The short vertical lines indicate change in crystal structure. When the Zener contribution is taken into account, the slope of the dashed line from Fe72Co28 to Ni44Cus6 changes from -1, as...

Figure 17. (a) From Eqs. (13 b and c) calculated steady-state coverages of the metal (solid line), anion (short-dashed line), and total coverage (dot-dashed line) vs. potential, (b) The resulting stationary hydrogen current density (dashed line) vs. potential and... 

Figure 6.6 Raman spectra (785 nm excitation, with the G-band region featured in the insert) of the pre-separated SWNTs (solid line), and the separated metallic (long dashed line) and semiconducting (short dashed line) fractions. ...

Figure 25. L3 absorption edge of metallic platinum. The upper figure shows experimental data (solid line) and calculated spectrum (dashed line). The figure at bottom shows the calculated partition of the EXAFS single scattering contribution (solid line), double scattering contribution (short dashed line), and the triple scattering contribution (long dashed line.) (From Ref. 88.)...

Figure 9.8. Reduced variable plots of electrochemical reduction of Pt metal onto (a) freshly cleaved, and (b) O3 oxidized (0.15 ppm O3, 300 °C) HOPG. The solid lines represent experimental data. The long and short dashed lines represent theoretical curves for instantaneous and progressive nucleation, respectively [78], (Reproduced by permission of ECS—The Electrochemical Society, from Halvorsen H, Bock C, MacDougall B, Wang D, Potentiostatic deposition of platinum clusters onto freshly cleaved and ozone oxidized highly ordered pyrol5dic graphite.)...

In terms of dendrite formation, it was found that poly-o-phenetidine provided exceptional protection [102-104]. Bare Cu and Ag were observed to form dendrites within seconds of an applied potential as evidenced by shorting of the lines. BTA was found to be ineffective BTA-protected metal lines also formed dendrites within seconds. Metal lines that were coated with poly-o-phenetidine base did not form dendrites even after 30 min of applied potential of 5 V. The coated lines were also tested at elevated temperature (220°C for 30 min). No dendrites formed under these conditions. A temperature-humidity study was done in which the poly-o-phenetidine-coated metal was stored for 1000 h at 85°C and 80% relative humidity, and again no dendrites were observed. In addition, a more drastic test was done in which a potential was applied to the coated metal at 85°C and 80% relative humidity for 1000 h. No failure was observed under these conditions either. 

In these compounds the Si atom is sterically constrained to a position in close proximity to the metal atom, thus exhibiting an unusually short metal-silicon contact (dashed line in the structure of compound 157), but the otherwise almost tetrahedral coordination sphere about silicon and the coordinatirai geometry about the transition metal suggests absence of lone pair donation from the metal to siUcon [324-326]. 

Heat-reactive resins are more compatible than oil-soluble resins with other polar-coating resins, such as amino, epoxy, and poly(vinyl butyral). They are used in interior-can and dmm linings, metal primers, and pipe coatings. The coatings have excellent resistance to solvents, acids, and salts. They can be used over a wide range of temperatures, up to 370°C for short periods of dry heat, and continuously at 150°C. Strong alkaUes should be avoided. 

While connecting a delta-wound motor through a Y A starter, the metallic shorting links should be removed. Otherwise the starter will have a dead short-circuit at the motor terminal box and may burn the starter, damage the motor terminal box and even line cables. 

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