Shikimic acid metabolism

Haslam E (1993) Shikimic Acid Metabolism and Metabolites Wiley, New York... 

It is now well established that the primary metabolic target of glyphosate is an enzyme of the shikimic acid metabolic pathway, enolpyruvyl shikimate-3-phosphate synthase (2.f ). Via this action, glyphosate blocks the synthesis of the end products of this pathway, notably phenylalanine and tryptophan, but also various subsequent products (Figure 1) ( ,i). It has seemed logical to conclude that the herbicidal effect of glyphosate is a direct result of its effect on the shikimic acid pathway. 

E. Haslam, Shikimic Acid. Metabolism and Metabolites John Wiley Sons, Inc. New York, 1996. 

LU Haslam. Shikimic Acid Metabolism and Metabolites, p. 238-245, Chichester Wiley 1993 J. Chromatogr. 661, 93-104 (1994) (synthesis) Kerkut Gilbert (eds.). Compre-... 

Most aromatic compounds in plants are derived from shikimic acid metabolism many of these substances are phenols. Compounds derived from this pathway are extensively modified and considered under other classes of plant secondary metabolites. Although many types of secondary compounds are produced from intermediates of the shikimic acid pathway (e.g., certain naphthoquinones and anthraquinones discussed in Chapter 6), most are derived from four aromatic amino acids phenylalanine, tyrosine, anthranilic acid, and tryptophan. Aromatic compounds that arise from the shikimic acid pathway usually can be distinguished from those of other origins by their substitution patterns and by a knowledge of the compounds with which they co-occur. 

Shikimic acid—Metabolism—Congresses. 2. Amino acids—Metabolism-Congresses. 3. Plants—Metabolism—Congresses. I. Conn, Eric E. II. Title. III. Series. QK861. R38 vol. 20 581.19 2 s [581.1 33] 86-8885... 

The amino acid phenylalanine is derived from gallic acid, being this compound biosynthesized in the shikimic acid metabolic route. Most of the phenolic compounds from higher plants are also derived from this amino acid, formed in the phenylpropanoid metabolic route, in the cell cytoplasm, being various enzymes involved in this metabolism. Phenylalanine ammonia lyase interacts with phenylalanine forming cinnamic acid, that is, hydrolyzed by citmamate-4-hydroxylase, rendering p-coumaric acid. Different hydroxylations and/or methoxylations, of this... 

---