Shelf life defined

Self-Discharge Processes. The shelf life of the lead—acid battery is limited by self-discharge reactions, first reported in 1882 (46), which proceed slowly at room temperature. High temperatures reduce shelf life significantly. The reactions which can occur are well defined (47) and self-discharge rates in lead—acid batteries having immobilized electrolyte (48) and limited acid volumes (49) have been measured. 

Other fractional lives could similarly be defined. For example, the life-time t is the time required for the concentration to decay to lie its initial value then we find T = l/k. The lifetime is the average time elapsed before a molecule reacts. In pharmaceutics, a shelf-life tgo is defined to be the time required for Ca to reach the value 0.90 Ca, giving tgo = O.lOSlkf)... 

The MUF resin pH was determined using pH meter model pH 340-A/SET l-MTM. The pH meter was calibrated before it was used to determine the pH of the resin. The viscosity was determined using the Cole-Parmer 98936-15 viscometer (R2 spindle, lOOrpm speed). The storage life was a test of shelf life of the MUF resin under the ambient environment. Resin was first stored at ambient room temperature. Viscosity of the resin was checked for every three to four days. The ratio of water that can be added into resin before it turned turbid or precipitated is called resin solubility. The resin solubility was determined by divide the weight of resin and the weight of water added into resin before it turned turbid or precipitated. The curing period of a resin was defined as the time period for the resin to be hardened after application in a 30°C and 1.0% of NH4CI powder (as hardener). 

Stability is then considered as known and defined when Rf Uj is not significantly different from one. However the uncertainty calculated for the ratio RT based on the sum of CVs of two measurements carried out at two temperatures is a CV and not a confidence interval. In fact it does not consider the number of measurements carried out at the two temperatures and the use of this combined CV is not correct. In many cases it is an underestimation, as usually only two or three replicates are made. However, stability should be determined on the basis of a trend analysis, which is of importance also for any shelf life quantification see below. 

Shelf life can be defined as the period of time that a product can be kept under practical storage conditions and still retain acceptable quality, as... 

Cakes more than any other category of product in this work vary in shelf life. They vary from sponge cakes to the sort of rich fruit cake that is used as a Christmas cake. Indeed it is difficult to define a cake except in terms of negatives. A cake is not yeast raised it is not a biscuit or pastry. Incidentally, Marie Antoinette probably said why do they not eat Brioche . Brioche is a sweet yeast raised product and so it is not a cake ... 

Stability is defined as the extent to which a product retains, within specified limits and throughout its period of storage and use (such as its shelf-life), the same properties and characteristics that it possessed at the time of its manufacture. 

A standard procedure for manufacturing liposomes is the film-forming method where the phospholipids are dissolved in an organic solvent. By rotational evaporation of the solvent a thin, multilayered film of phospholipids arises at the inner wall of the vessel. Redispersion of this film in water or aqueous buffer results in the formation of vesieles. The size of these vesicles and the number of bilayers vary. Henee further manufaeturing steps have to follow to obtain defined vesieular dispersions with a suffieiently long shelf life. 

The shelf-life of propellants is evaluated from the stabilizer content and is defined by the period of storage (number of years) in which the stabilizer content is reduced to half of the initial value. Gun propellants of low web size <0.2 mm can burn very fast which may lead to mass detonation and accordingly gun propellants with low web size fall under UN Hazard Classification 1.1 whereas others fall under 1.3 (see Chapter 6). 

The quadratic equation (10) has two roots and the shelf life is obtained by computing the root of Equation (10) that is smaller than a reference point, which is defined as... 

The approach to estimate the shelf life of a single batch can be applied to the pooled stability data from all batches. Thus, the shelf life is obtained by finding the minimum root of Equation (10), where a and b are the estimates of a and p from model (45), respectively, x is the average sampling time, and Sxx is defined by Equation (4) and considering for all sampling times. 

Expiration Date—The date placed on the container label of a drug product designating the time before which a batch of the product is expected to remain within the approved shelf life specification, if stored under defined conditions, and after which it must not be used. 

In Ihe food processing field, dehydration is sometimes described as the removal of 95 f or more of the water from a food substance, by exposure to thermal energy by various means. The aims of dehydration are reduction in volume of the product, increase in shelf life, and lower transportation costs, among other factors. There is no clearly defined line of demarcation... 

In precursor processing, shelf life is rarely a problem as noncovalent bonding interactions between molecules and solvent content define processability. Furthermore, atomic mixing and multimetallic compounds are readily accessible as will be amply demonstrated below. Thus, there is recent interest in developing oxide precursors for processing... 

The aim of this work was to assess the suitability of the electronic nose to define the shelf-life of Crescenza cheese. Crescenza is a typical soft Lombardy (Italy) cheese. Two lots of Crescenza cheese packets (250 g), directly supplied by a manufacturer at the beginning of their commercial life, were stored under constant temperature conditions at 8 and 15°C in the original paper packaging and were analysed every 3 days in a 31-day period and every day for a 10-day period, respectively. Furthermore, 14 Crescenza packets of the same brand and purchased from a local market at the beginning of their commercial life were used for... 

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