Shape and Size of Entrained Metal Layer

A number of water model experiments have been performed on the distributions of water droplets in a thick silicone oil layer using a two-needle electroresistivity probe [8]. The density ratio of the silicone oil to water was 0.93, which differs markedly from 0.4 to 0.5 in the real refining processes. Therefore, similarity condition may not be fully satisfied in these experiments. 

Iguchi and O. J. Ilegbusi, Modeling Multiphase Materials Processes Gas-Liquid Systems, DOI 10.1007/978-l-4419-7479-2 6, 

An electroresistivity probe cannot be used to measure the holdup of aqueous ZnCl2 solution droplets in silicone oil because of the low electrical conductivity of aqueous ZnCh solution. A suction pipe method was therefore employed in which holdup was defined as the volumetric ratio of the solution to the total volume of a mixture of the solution and silicone oil. The inherent error in the suction pipe technique was determined by applying an electroresistivity probe and the suction pipe simultaneously to a water-silicone oil system [12]. It was found to be within 7%. 

In what follows, the aqueous ZnCl2 solution and silicone oil are simply referred to as molten metal and slag, respectively. 

A mixture of air, molten metal, and molten slag is sucked with a suction pipe. The pipe is 400 mm long and has inner and outer diameters of 4 and 6 mm, respectively. The suction volume of the mixture is approximately 8 ml in every experimental run. After a sufficiently long settling time, the three phases are separated as shown in the upper right part of Fig. 6.2. The length of each phase is denoted by A, B,or C. The gas holdup a and the molten metal holdup e are defined by 

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