Sensors zirconia-based

Development of ionic conductors based on stabilized zirconia has reached a level of maturity, where most of the research on such materials concentrates mainly on obtaining incremental empirical improvements in conductivity by better processing control and refinement of the microstructure of the solid electrolyte and SE. Further increases in the conductivity are important in terms of enhancing the efficiency of systems such as O2 sensors, zirconia-based mixed-potential gas sensors, electrochemical oxygen pumps, heating elements, and fuel cells [4-7]. The systematic errors, as have been considered before, are errors with a known determined functional connection with the source of their cause, and the conformity of their appearance can be definitely described. 

The zirconia pH sensor is based on a recent discovery by (8) that ZrCL, stabilized with Y203, will develop an electromotive force (EMF) that is proportional to the difference in the pH of solutions contacting the inner and outer surfaces. 

Ono, T., Hasei, M., Kunimoto, A., and Miura, N. 2004. Improvement of sensing performances of zirconia-based total NO sensor by attachment of oxidation-catalyst electrode. Solid State Ionics 175, 503-506. 

The zirconia-based pump-sensor device can be used for controlling the oxygen partial pressure in closed systems typical applications include the oxygen permeation flux measurements, oxygen monitoring in molten metals, and coulometric titration. 

Figure 13.17 Outputs of zirconia-based SO2 sensors based at 650°C [213—215],... 

Figure 13.20 Outputs of mixed potential C3H5 sensors with gold electrodes and various ceria- and zirconia-based electrolytes [228, 229, 231, 233, 236-238],...

Ueda. T. Plashnitsa, V.V. Elumalai. P. and Miura, N. (2007) Novel meastuing method for detection of propene using zirconia-based amperometric sensor with oxide-based sensing electrode. Sens. Mater., 19 (6), 333-45. 

Kurosawa, H., Yan, Y., Miura, N. and Yamazoe, N. (1995) Stabilized zirconia-based NOx sensor operative at high temperature. Solid State Ionics, 79, 558 5. 

Skelton, D.C., Tobin, R.G., Lambert, D.K., DiMaggio, C.L. and Fisher, G.B. (2003) A surface-science-based model for the selectivity of platinum-gold alloy electrodes in zirconia-based NOx sensors. Sens. Actuators B, 96 (1-2), 46-52. 

Nakamura, T, Sakamoto, Y., Saji, K. and Sakata, J. (2003) NOx decomposition mechanism on the electrodes of a zirconia-based amperometric NOx sensor. Sens. Actuators B, 93, 214-20. 

Kubinski, D.J., Visser, J.H., Soltis, R.E., Parsons, M.H., Nietering, K.E. and Ejakov, S.G. (2002) Zirconia based potentiometric NOx sensor utilizing Pt and Au electrodes. Ceram. Trans., 130 (Chemical Sensors for Hostile Environments), 11-18. 

Di Bartolomeo, E., Grilli, M.L., Yoon, J.W, and Traversa, E. (2004) Zirconia-based electrochemical NO. sensors with... 

Elumalai, P., Plashnitsa, V.V., Ueda, T. and Miura, N. (2008) Sensing characteristics of mixed potential- type zirconia-based sensor using laminated-oxide sensing electrode. Electrochem. Commun., 10 (5), 745-8. 

Hibino, T, Hashimoto, A., Kakimoto, S. and Sano, M. (2001) Zirconia-based potentiometric sensors using metal oxide electrodes for detection of hydrocarbons. J. Electrochem. Soc., 148 (1), Hl-5. 

Zhuiykov. S., Muta, M., Ono, T, Hasei, M.. Yamazoe, N. and Miura, N. (2001) Stabihzed zirconia-based NOx sensor using ZnFe2O4 sensing electrode. Electrochem. Solid-State Lett., 4 (9),... 

Nakatou, M. and Miura, N. (2005) Detection of combustible hydrogen-containing gases by using impedancemetric zirconia-based water-vapor sensor. Solid State Ionics, 176, 2511-15,... 

Nakatou, M. and Miura, N. (2006) Detection of propene by using new-type impedancemetric zirconia-based sensor attached with oxide sensing-electrode. Sens. Actuators B, 120 (1), 57—62. 

Zhuiykov, S. and Miura, N. (2007) Development of zirconia-based potentiometric NOx sensors for automotive and energy industries in the early 21 century What are the prospects for sensors Sens. Actuators B, 121 (2), 639-51. 

For the zirconia-based gas sensors, the low level of threshold temperature, when the zirconia electrolytes possess pure ionic conductivity, is approximately 500-550°C for polycrystalline stractures [44 6] and around 380-420 C for single crystals [47, 48]. The conductivity of the YSZ-based electrolyte below these temperatures is compatible with the conductivity of isolators. Moreover, any reduction in operating... 

Using the assumptions given above, it was possible to determine the binary metal compositions with unUmited solubility, which is illustrated in Figure 1.15. These binary metal compositions are vital for the selection of materials for a sensing electrode of the mixed-potential zirconia-based gas sensors [23, 24]. This is because... 

Zhuiykov, S. and Nowotny, J., Zirconia-based sensors for environmental gases A review. Materials Forum 24 (2000) 150-168. 

Mochizuki, K. et al., Sensing characteristics of a zirconia-based CO sensor made by thick-film lamination, Sensors and Actuators B, Chem. 77 (2001) 190-195. 

Miura, N. et al., Stabilized zirconia-based sensor using oxide electrode for detection of NOj in high-temperature combustion-exhausts, Solid State Ionics 86-88 (1996) 1069-1073. 

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