Self-regulating delivery system insulin

Makino K, Mack EJ, Okano T, Kim SW. A microcapsule self-regulating delivery system for insulin. J Controlled Release 1990 12 235-239. 

This polymer system has been extensively investigated in a number of applications which can be divided into (a) use in an insulin self-regulated delivery system, (b) in short term deliver) and in (c) long term deliver). ... 

Further development of the self-regulating insulin delivery system has utilized the complex of glycosylated insulin-concanavalin A, which is encapsulated inside a polymer membrane. As glucose penetrates into the system, it activates the release of glycosylated insulin from the complex for a controlled release from the system (Fig. 28). The amount of insulin released is thus self-regulated by the concentration of glucose that has penetrated into the insulin delivery system. 

Fig. 28 Various components of a self-regulating insulin delivery system, a feedback-regulated drug delivery system, and its control of blood glucose level in the pancreatectomized dogs. (From Ref. l)...

Kim, S.W. Jeong, S.Y. Sato, S. McRea, J.C. Feijan, J. Self-regulating insulin delivery systema—a chemical approach. In Recent Advances in Drug Delivery Systems Anderson, J.M., Kim, S.W., Eds. Plenum Press New York, 1983 123. 

While poly (ortho esters) are add-sensitive, their sensitivity is not sufficient for use in a self-regulated insulin delivery system. However, when a diol contains a tertiary amine in the backbone is used, the pH-sensitivity is enormously increased. The structure of a polymer from 3,9-bis (ethylidene 2,4,8,10-tetraoxas-piro [5,5] undecane) and /V-methyldiethanolamine is shown in Scheme 17. 

Shiino D, Kataoka K, Koyama Y, Yokoyama M, Okano T, Sakurai Y. A self-regulated insulin delivery system using boro-nic acid gel. J Intelligent Mater Syst Struct 1994 5 311-314. 

A. Matsumoto, T. Ishii, J. Nishida, H. Matsumoto, K. Kataoka, Y. Miyahara, A synthetic approach toward a self-regulated insulin delivery system, Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. EngL 51 (2012) 2124-2128. 

In a somewhat different approach to a self-regulating insulin delivery system, Siegel and co-workers (Siegel era/., 1988 Siegel and Firestone, 1990) are investigating the feasibility of a mechanochemical pump. The fimction-... 

Self-regulated insulin delivery system Cationie hydrogels [132]... 

Self-regulated insuline delivery system Glueose sensitive hydrogel [137]... 

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