Selection host factors

Host factors can help to ensure selection of the most appropriate antimicrobial agent. Age is an important factor in antimicrobial selection. With regard to dose and interval, renal and hepatic function varies with age. Populations with diminished renal function include neonates and the elderly. Hepatic function in the neonate is not fully developed, and drugs that are metabolized or eliminated by this route may produce adverse effects. For example, sulfonamides and ceftriaxone may compete with bilirubin for binding sites and may result in hyperbilirubinemia and kernicterus. Gastric acidity also depends on... 

We should note once again the general mechanism by which resistance appears in target species is natural selection. Many factors may accelerate or slow this process a growth in frequency or number of resistance alleles their dominance, ability to penetrate, and expressivity their interaction with various genes the speed with which generations are replaced the number of individuals in each generation the character of the reproductive system (sexual or asexual) and a host of other factors [113]. 

Selection of presumptive therapy considering every infected site Host factors Drug factors... 

To select rational antimicrobial therapy for a given infection, a variety of factors must be considered, including the severity and acuity of the disease, host factors, factors related to the drugs used, and the necessity for use of multiple agents. 

Selection from among several drugs depends upon host factors which include the following (1) concomitant disease states (eg, AIDS, severe chronic liver disease) (2) prior adverse drug effects ... 

In order to determine whether restriction is due to a lack of host factor as opposed to inhibition by a host factor of viral functions, it was decided to hybridize MDBK with L-cells. We have introduced an HGPRT mutation into the MDBK cells, and utilized a TK strain of L-cells. Hybrids were selected in HAT medium (hypoxanthine, aminopterin, thymidine), clones were selected, grown up, and tested for virus yield. Table 2 summarizes the data obtained. 

Recent studies of Pb-associated immunotoxicity in experimental animals have been quite helpful in elucidating the relevance of developmental periods and other host factors on the expression of immunotoxicity and also helpful in revealing the full range of immunological responses not readily accessible in available pediatric or occupational epidemiological efforts. Selected reports across test species are summarized in Table 18.6. 

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