Selected Bioceramic Materials

CaP synthesis methods and their technological parameters can significantly impact stoichiometry of the synthesis product, its grade of crystallization, particle size, bioceramic phase composition, thermal stability, microstructure and mechanical properties. The important technologic parameters that impact properties of calcium phosphate synthesis product and then also of bioceramic, are temperature of synthesis, pH of synthesis environment, reagent type and concentration, as well as selection of raw materials, their purity and quality. All of the above mentioned also brings a significant impact on the tissue response of these bioceramic implants. 

Phase and chemical composition of bioactive materials is selected so as to ensure that implant surface adjacent to tissue or body fluids constitutes an intermediate layer which connects an implant with bone tissue. A variety of materials which fulfil such criteria have been developed in recent years. The most frequently used bioceramics, due to their high mechanical, corrosion and wear resistance as well as their non-toxicity and biocompatibility, include oxides AI2O3 (whose use for medicine is dated back to the thirties of the past century), Zr02 and calcium phosphates (Tab. 1, 2). 

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