Sedation cough

Diphenhydramine (Benadryl) [OTC] [Antihistamine/ Antitussive/Antiemeticj Uses Tx prevent allergic Rxns, motion sickness, potentiate narcotics, sedation, cough suppression, Tx of extrapyramidal (dystonic) Rxns Action Antihistamine, antiemetic Dose Adults. 25-50 mg IV/EM Feds. > 2 y. 2—5 mg/kg IV/EM Caution [B, —] Contra Acute asthma Disp Tabs,... 

Euphoria, analgesia, sedation, cough suppression, and constipation strong miosis (except meperidine)... 

Use of codeine may result in respiratory depression, euphoria, light-headedness, sedation, nausea, vomiting, and hypersensitivity reactions. The more common adverse reactions associated with the antitussives are listed in the Summary Drug Table Antitussive, Mucolytic, and Expectorant Drugs. When used as directed, nonprescription cough medicines containing two or more ingredients have few adverse reactions. However, those that contain an antihistamine may cause drowsiness. 

Codeine, dextromethorphan and pholcodine are opioid cough suppressants indicated for dry cough. Sedating antihistamines, such as diphenhydramine, tend to have an antitussive action as well. Vitamin C is not used in the management of cough but may be used as a prophylaxis against colds. 

Carbocisteine is classified as a mucolytic as it reduces sputum viscosity and aids its elimination. Carbocisteine is therefore indicated for use in chesty cough. Pholcodine, dextromethorphan and the sedating antihistamines, such... 

Opiate mu receptor OPRMl Agonism Analgesia, Sedation. Physical dependence. Bowel dysfunction. Respiratory depression. Modulation of cough reflex. 

In cough occurring mainly at night, an antihistamine with a sedating effect, e.g. diphenhydramine, can be tried as an adjuvant. A more upright posture at night helps. 

Benzonatate (Tessalon) is related to the local anesthetic tetracaine. It anesthetizes the stretch receptors in the lungs, thereby reducing coughing. Adverse reactions include hypersensitivity, sedation, dizziness, and nausea. 

Central nervous system depression is the usual effect of morphine, and sedation and drowsiness are frequently observed with therapeutic doses. When given in the absence of pain morphine may sometimes produce dysphora—an unpleasant sensation of fear and anxiety. The most important stimulatory effects of morphine in man are emesis and miosis. Miosis, due to stimulation of the Edinger-Westphal nucleus of the third nerve, occurs with all opioids. The combination of pinpoint pupils, coma, and respiratory depression are classical signs of morphine overdosage. Stimulation of the solitary nuclei may also be responsible for depression of the cough reflex (antitussive effect). Pharmacokinetics and metabolism... 

N.A. Morphine, narcotine, codeine, papaverine, meconic acid, albumin, mucilage, sugars, resin, wax.99 Sedate or suppress nervous system activity, pain, and coughs. 

Some of the commonly used antitussives are listed in Table 26-1. As shown in the table, codeine and similar opiate derivatives suppress the cough reflex by a central inhibitory effect.21,124 Other nonopioid antitussives work by inhibiting the irritant effects of histamine on the respiratory mucosa or by a local anesthetic action on the respiratory epithelium. The primary adverse effect associated with most antitussives is sedation. Dizziness and gastrointestinal upset may also occur. 

In a small subset of CLASS (95 patients) mortality at 90 days was 19% in the clomethiazole group and 23% in the placebo group (5). Sedation was the most common adverse event (clomethiazole 53%, placebo 17%), followed by rhinitis and coughing. The incidence and pattern of serious adverse events was similar between the groups. 

Anticholinergic effects, a-antagonist effects Polyuria, frequency, urgency, sedation, delirium Cough as a result of ACEI can aggravate SUI by increasing intraabdominal pressure... 

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