Secondary tetrakis palladium

Tetrakis(tripheiiylphosphine)palladium(0) is often used for this reaction. However, Pd(II) complexes such as bis(triphenylphosphine)palladium dichloride or palladium acetate are also commonly employed for convenience, as they are stable in ah. The base is typically a secondary or tertiary amine such as triethy-lamine. Weak bases such as sodium (potassium) acetate, bicarbonate, or carbonate are also used. 

Palladium-catalyzed, Allylic Amination. Allylic substitution of mono-saccharidic hex-2-enopyranoside 4-acetates with secondary amines in the presence of tetrakis (triphenylphosphine)palladium(O) liad led to a large variety of 4-aminated 2-enosides, with retention of configuration (56-58). The method was applied to the disaccaridic enoside 1 to give, with benzylmethylamine or dibenzylamine, the 4-amino sugar derivatives g in yields of 92 and 67% (46). Studies concerning hydrox-ylation of t)ie double bond and subsequent deprotection are incomplete. 

Phenylsulphonyl)nitromethane is C-alkylated preferentially by benzyl halides, primary alkyl iodides, and allylic acetates, the latter in the presence of catalytic tetrakis(triphenylphosphine)palladium, providing secondary a-nitrosul-phones (cf. Vol. 5, p. 197). The synthetic utility of this process, other than for the preparation of a-nitrosulphones themselves, has been enhanced by the development of efficient desulphonation processes, " thus providing an overall synthesis of nitroalkanes. Nitroalkanes are also the products of the replacement of tertiary nitro groups by nitromethyl via sodio nitromethane. ... 

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