Secondary selectivity

Instrument Power - Instrument power failures are evaluated on a basis similar to that described for a power failure. Included in the normal considerations for PR sizing should be the failure of power supply to all instruments in and controlled from a single bus bar. Reliability feahires should include secondary selective power supply to control rooms, with emergency generator or battery backup for critical instruments and control computers. Critical controls should be able to continue operation independently of control computers. 

Luedders, V.D. and Dropkin, V.D. (1983) Effects of secondary selection on cyst nematode reproduction on soybean. Crop Science 23, 263. 

Angelin, M. Fischer, A. Ramstrom, O. Crystallization-induced secondary selection from a tandem driven dynamic combinatorial resolution process. J. Org. Chem. 2008, 73, 3693-3595. 

The bulky tetraarylbismuthonium salts were found to oxidize primary alcohols far more rapidly than secondary alcohols (Scheme 23). The primary/secondary selectivity achieved by the mesitylbismuthonium salt increases as the bulkiness of the a-substituents of the alcohols increases (Me < Et < i-Pr). This suggests that the a-substituents of the alcohol retard the nucleophilic attack on the bismuth center kinetically. The PhCH2OH/PhCH(Et)OH selectivity observed for the mesityl- and... 

Secondary selectivity interactions will now be discussed. The idea of secondary interactions is to change the effective polarity of the solute, hopefully to different degrees for different solutes so as to improve the selectivity. Making the solute more hydro-phobic increases its retention making it less hydro-phobic decreases its retention. 

The selective oxidation of hydrocarbons with dioxygen is of immense industrial importance [ 1 ]. A general problem in this area is to obtain high selectivi-ties, particularly at high substrate conversions. The reasons for this are twofold oxidation can occur at different C-H bonds in a molecule, leading to a low primary selectivity, and the initially formed product is often more reactive than the substrate and is oxidized further, ultimately to carbon dioxide and water, leading to low secondary selectivities. Hence examples of industrial processes tend to involve the oxidation of hydrocarbons in which one particular C-H bond is significantly more reactive, for example, cumene hydroperoxide from cumene, and/or the product is relatively stable towards further oxidation, for example, maleic anhydride from n-butane, phthalic anhydride from o-xylene... 

Test each DBD and AD fusion construct individually in both the primary and secondary selection or screen for possible auto-activation of the reporter genes... 

The secondary selective circuit arrangement is recommended for all critical loads (Fig. 2). It requires the installation of double-ended switchgear or a variation thereof. Double-ended switchgear includes two main circuit breakers that serve separate feeder buses with a tie circuit breaker in the middle. Each feeder bus has its own set of feeder or branch circuit breakers. The load should be evenly split between each of the feeder buses. 

Adamantane and cis-decalm were hydroxylated with high selectivity, complete stereo-retention, extraordinarily high rates (up to 800 turnovers min ), and high efficiency with up to 15,000 turnovers. Similar conversions were obtained when Ru(VI)(TPFPP)(0)2 and Ru(VI)(TPFPBr8P)(0)2 were used as catalysts. Oxygenation of less reactive substrates such as benzene and cyclohexane proceeded with lower but still significant turnover numbers (100-3,000). Tertiary vs secondary selectivity in adamantane oxidation was above 210. No rearrangement products were detected in cw-decalin hydroxylation. 

Rhodium(III) porphyrins are known to catalyze the insertion of carbethoxy-carbenes from ethyl diazoacetate into the C-H bonds of saturated compounds with yields up to 20-25% corresponding to a large increase of the primary/secondary selectivity [189]. In this case the substrates (Cg to Ci2 n-alkanes) were used as solvents. The rhodium porphyrins, (TPP)Rhl, (TMP)Rhl and (OEP)Rhl efficiently catalyze carbene insertion in 0-H bonds, leading to ethers by using ethyl diazoacetate imder mild conditions [190]. Using (TMP)Rhl as the catalyst, a stereoselective insertion reaction was observed with the order of primary > secondary > tertiary for various alcohols. 

Secondary selective None Most Most, depending on the type of outage... 

Secondary selective network Same as above provides faster transfer from one utility line to the other Same as above Same as above... 

In order to manipulate such systems beyond their thermodynamic limits, an irreversible chemical reaction can be coupled to the DCL to selectively extract one of the library members. According to Le Chatelier s principle, withdrawing a member from the DCL through an irreversible process will force the system to constantly readjust its equilibrium position and generate more of the reactive species on the expense of other library members. Ram-strom et al. exploited crystallization as secondary selection process to amplify one product from a dynamic nitroaldol library. ... 

A review of HSG244 ROSOV assessments showed that assessments did not always fully address the risks in the structured manner required by HSG244, but rather simply asserted that the provision of ROSOVs was not reasonably practicable. Others did not fully apply the primary and secondary selection criteria. Of those that did properly follow the steps in HSG244 it was concluded that ... 

Several rechargeable batteries are available for UAVs, UCAVs, and MAVs whose performance characteristics are summarized in Table 7.13. The user can select the most suitable battery for the application once he or she performs a brief tradeoff study in terms of battery performance, cost, and reliability. Because weight and output power of the battery are the most critical parameters, energy density (Wh/kg) must be given serious consideration in the selection of a rechargeable battery for UAV, UCAV, or MAV application. When a specific battery meets all other performance parameters, battery cost becomes a secondary selection parameter. 

Catalyst 1-adamantanol /% 2-adamantanol 1% 2-adamantanone 1% terttary/secondary selectivity... 

Low-temperature flexibility is dependent on the base elastomer(s) as the prime consideration with the addition of small amounts of a good low-temperature plasticizer as the secondary selection. However, adding plasticizer to an ACM will result... 

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