Secondary alcohol 1408 INDEX

Aromatic carbon content cannot be directly determined from 13C NMR spectrometry because it overlaps with olefinic carbon. Aromatic and olefinic hydrogens can be resolved in H NMR spectrometry, but the chemical shifts of methine hydrogens on esters of secondary alcohols overlap with chemical shifts of olefinic hydrogen in the NMR spectra of fulvic acids. The ring content (0) is a difference determination between the index of hydrogen... 

Recently, comprehensive World Wide Web (Internet) databases have been established on insect pheromones and semiochemicals The Pherolist , a database of chemicals identified from sex pheromone glands of female lepidopteran insects and other chemicals attractive to male moths (Am et al., 1999) and The Pherobase , a database of pheromones and semiochemicals for Lepidoptera and other insect orders (El-Sayed, 2006). These large databases on behavior modifying chemicals have extensive cross-linkages for animal taxa, indexes of compounds and source (reference) indexes. The indexes include those compounds cited in this chapter and many more with pheromone and semiochemical function acetate esters, diols, epoxides, ethers, ketones and secondary alcohols. For example, The Pherolist reports approximately 90 epoxy derivatives of C17-C23 of n-alkancs, mono-alkenes and di-alkenes as insect semiochemicals. 

The influence of the metal ion is seen in Fig. 11-12, which shows low-load four-ball wear data by Allum and Forbes [58]. The results fall into three broad groups low wear levels associated with the ions Zn, Cd" , Ni, Fe " and Ag" " intermediate wear with Pb" , Sn" , and Sb" " " high wear with Bi . Where direct comparison for the effect of alkyl groups are available, they show the ester of the secondary alcohol 4-methylpentanol-2 has a stronger antiwear function than the ester of n-hexanol, except for the nickel salts. No consistent trend on which to base an acceptable explanation for the additive action of these phos-phorodithioates was observed in the data for the wear/load index (mean Hertz load). 

While dehydrating secondary alcohols over MgS04, a considerable constancy of activation energy is also observed. The alcohols cyclo-hexanol, cyclopentanol, 2-pentanol, and 2-propanol were investigated the percent of their dehydration at 370° C were as follows 17.7 17.8 18.0 18.8 and e=15.0 14.4 15.2 and 14.8 kcal/mole, respectively. This also testifies to an equal orientation of the molecules of the index group CHCO toward the catalyst (181). 

This series of studies of the variation of the Phosphorus Emission Index generated from several applications of the special Noack instrument has been effective in revealing some of the characteristics of the phosphorus volatilization from ZDDPs made from a primary and a secondary alcohol. Thus, the primary objective of this study has been met. That is, it has been shown that phosphorus volatilization and the associated PEI are affected strongly by the chemistry of the ZDDP. Whether or not these differences are caused by thermodynamic effects and/or some form of steric interference remains to be determined, as well as the range of differences that may exist among the different alcohols. 

Properties Colorless to light amber liquid strong, piny odor. D 0.927-0.940, refr index 1.4780-1.4820 (20C), distilling range 200-225C, flash p 172F (11.1C) (CC). Miscible with alcohol. Combustible. Chief constituents Tertiary and secondary terpene alcohols. 

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