Scrubbing agent

A gaseous emission is to be treated for the removal of ammonia. Table 9.4 provides the stream data. Two scrubbing agents are considered for the removal of ammonia, water, Si, and an inm anic solvent, S2. The absorption of ammonia in water is coupled with the following chemical reaction ... 

Clintox A process for removing sulfur dioxide from the tail gases from the Claus process by washing with a proprietary organic scrubbing agent. Offered by Linde, Munich. Four units... 

Before 1970, most of the data for nitrogen oxides were obtained by continuous measurements with a colorimetric analyzer that was similar in principle to the colorimetric oxidant analyzer shown in Figure 6-8. The scrubbing agent is a mixture of -(l-naphthyl)ethylenediamine, sulfanilic acid, and acetic acid in aqueous solution. The color is produced when both nitrogen dioxide and nitrites react with this reagent to form an azo dye. The color is not affected by nitric oxide in the air sample. 

Uses. In construction materials manufacture of steel, aluminum, and magnesium as a scrubbing agent to remove sulfur dioxide emissions from smokestacks manufacmre of glass, paper, and industrial chemicals in fungicides, insecticides, and lubricants... 

MEA is used as an intermediate for cosmetics, surface-active agents, emulsifiers and plasticizing agents as a gas-scrubbing agent for absorption and removal of H2S and CO2 from refinery and natural gas streams and in CO2 and ammonia manufacturing123. 

Moisten hands and forearms and wash using an approved surgical scrub agent, then rinse before beginning the surgical scrub procedure to loosen surface debris and transient microorganisms. 

Two basic methods of odor control are applied to emissions from dryers after condensing the water vapor boiler incineration by direct-flame oxidation and wet scrubbing by chemical oxidation or the use of other scrubbing agents. Incineration provides the most positive control of nuisance-causing odorous compounds. Chlorinator scrubbers have been found to be 95%-99% effective in controlling odors from fish cookers and dryers [99]. Table 53.26 shows the odor reduction obtained by boiler incineration. 

The ammonia/ammonium sulfate is employed as scrubbing agent in this process. About 93% of the sulfur dioxide from the flue gas can be eliminated at the commercial scale. Ammonium sulfate is obtained as a saleable product. 

Recently, a liquid crystal face cleanser that does not use a polymer has been introduced [28]. This material is made of a lyotropic liquid crystal formed by a nonionic surfactant/polyol/water system, which makes use of the phase-transition behavior caused by the amount of oil and water. A scrubbing agent such as polyethylene powder or sodium poly(acrylic acid) can be added to improve cleaning power and leave a fresh feeling. Pack is used for several hours by forming a coating on the face to provide nutrients and water to the skin as well as to remove dirt from the skin. Poly(vinyl alcohol) or carboxymethyl cellulose is used as the film former. A typical recipe is listed in Table 1 [29]. 

For cases where very small quantities of chlorine are present and essentially complete removal is required, it is common practice to use a dilute solution of sodium hydroxide as the scrubbing agent. The caustic increases the rate of absorption and decreases the vapor pressure of chlorine over the solution both effects contribute to improved chlorine removal efficiency. 

Ethanolamines (Chapter 22), used in the manufacture of detergents and as scrubbing agents for the removal of acidic compounds from gases. 

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