Schematic representation of experimental

Table 1.6 Schematic representation of experimental techniques and their range of application (extended from the table of Wood )...

Fig. 2 Schematic representation of experimental set-up for controlled-potential experiments W working, C counter, R references electrodes.

Figure 1-42 Schematic representation of experimental conditions used for the measurement of depolarization ratios of calcite crystal. (Reproduced with permission from Ref. 29. Copyright 1986, John Wiley Sons, Inc.)...

Figure 2. Schematic representation of experimental setup, indicating the delta-pulse loading of the separation reactors and showing the types of separation...

Figure 13. Schematic representation of experimental set-up for refractive index and thin film thickness determination by using the m-lines technique...

Figure 6.11 Schematic representation of experimental arrangement for a multimembrane hybrid system feed solution (1), strip solution (2), tube-in-tube diaphragm cell (3), glass vessel (4), bulk liquid membrane (5), magnetic stirrer (6), feed and strip inlet (7), feed and strip outlet (8), peristaltic pump (9), feed (10) and strip (11) ion-exchange membranes. From Ref. [90] with permission. 

Fig. 1. Schematic representation of experimental powder pattern and theoretical powder pattern and theoretical powder pattern convoluted with the Lorentzian function. The circles indicates the experimental data for glycylglycine HN03. (S. Kuroki and I.

Figure 1. Schematic representation of experimental sequence which led to synthesis of new skin in the guinea pig ...

Figure 16. Schematic representation of experimental arrangement for measurement of in vivo streaming potential in femoral artery. Insert shows insertion of electrodes through side branches. ...

FIG. 8—Schematic representations of experimental data for (a) a cyclic potentiodynamic polarization curve (b) galvanostatic potential-time curve for a material (c) potentiostatic current-time curve for a previously passivated surface which pits ad < Egg < Ej-, and (d) potentiostatic current-time curve for active surface. The protection potential is found as... 

Fig. 5. Schematic representation of experimental spatial structure of apamin in solution.

Fig. 22. Schematic representation of experimental setup for depositing copper ternary semiconductors by chemical spray pyrolysis.

Pig. 22. Schematic representation of typical pressure drop as a function of superficial gas velocity, expressed in terms of G = /9q tiQ, in packed columns. O, Dry packing , low Hquid flow rate I, higher Hquid flow rate. The points do not correspond to actual experimental data, but represent examples. 

Figure 5 Schematic representation of a Cartesian dynamics protocol starting from random torsion angles. The weights for non bonded (i.e., van der Waals) interactions, unambiguous distance restraints, and ambiguous distance restraints are varied independently. The covalent interactions are maintained with full weight, co.aie - for the entire protocol. Weights for other experimental terms may be varied in an analogous way. Coupling constant restraints and anisotropy restraints are usually used only in a refinement stage.

Figure 1 shows a schematic representation of the experimental setup used to study the metal-fullerene... 

Figure 12.27 (a) Schematic representation of possible 3-centre islands of ti bonding above and belov. the ring plane for (NPXi)i. (b) experimental electron bonding density (see text). 

Gene Expression Analysis. Figure 1 Schematic representation of the experimental process of global gene expression analysis using Affymetrix GeneChip arrays. 

Fig. 2.8 Schematic representation of an experimental set-up for a liquid metal impingement/stagnation flow. Reprinted from Miner and Ghoshal (2004) with permission...

Figure 9. Schematic representation of the polyol process exemplified with Pt. TEM (left) shows a narrow particle size distribution (ca. 3 nm). (Reproduced from [223], 2000, with permission from Elsevier Science.) Experimental XPS curves (right) fit sufficiently well with the Pt(0) standard. (Reprinted from Ref [53], 2007, with permission from Wiley-VCH.)...

Fig. 9.1 Schematic representation of the experimental arrangement for nuclear resonant scattering, both for NIS and NFS...

Fig. 2.9.11 Schematic representation of the field, 80. The rf, field gradient and current pulse experimental set-up feeding electric currents program is shown in Figure 2.9.2. The current...

Figure 159. Schematic representation of an experimental T-history set-up (picture Universi-dad de Zaragoza)...

Schematic representation of the experimental setup is shown in Fig 1.1. The electrochemical system is coupled on-line to a Quadrupole Mass Spectrometer (Balzers QMS 311 or QMG 112). Volatile substances diffusing through the PTFE membrane enter into a first chamber where a pressure between 10 1 and 10 2 mbar is maintained by means of a turbomolecular pump. In this chamber most of the gases entering in the MS (mainly solvent molecules) are eliminated, a minor part enters in a second chamber where the analyzer is placed. A second turbo molecular pump evacuates this chamber promptly and the pressure can be controlled by changing the aperture between both chambers. Depending on the type of detector used (see below) pressures in the range 10 4-10 5 mbar, (for Faraday Collector, FC), or 10 7-10 9 mbar (for Secondary Electrton Multiplier, SEM) may be established.

Schematic representation of the experimental setup for an in situ IR study of the electrode-electrolyte interface is given in Fig. 1.5. From the radiation leaving the IR source only, the p-polarized light is used for the reflection-absorption experiment in...

Figure 2.39 (a) Schematic representation of the experimental arrangement for attenuated total reflection of infrared radiation in an electrochemical cell, (b) Schematic representation of the ATR cell design commonly employed in in situ 1R ATR experiments. SS = stainless steel cell body, usually coated with teflon P — Ge or Si prism WE = working electrode, evaporated or sputtered onto prism CE = platinum counter electrode RE = reference electrode T = teflon or viton O ring seals E = electrolyte. 

FIGURE 1.8 (a) A representative SEM image of the microelectrode array and (b) a schematic representation of the experimental setup. (Reprinted with permission from Elsevier Publishing [124].)... 

The experimental constant-pressure heat capacity of copper is given together with the Einstein and Debye constant volume heat capacities in Figure 8.12 (recall that the difference between the heat capacity at constant pressure and constant volume is small at low temperatures). The Einstein and Debye temperatures that give the best representation of the experimental heat capacity are e = 244 K and D = 315 K and schematic representations of the resulting density of vibrational modes in the Einstein and Debye approximations are given in the insert to Figure 8.12. The Debye model clearly represents the low-temperature behaviour better than the Einstein model. 

Fig. 34. Schematic representation of the experimental set-up for propagation loss measurement.

Figure 2. Schematic representation of the experimental apparatus used for measurement of the 7t-A curves of a thin film of PhDA2-8 molecules at the air/water interface.

Figure 3. Schematic representation of the transition states for dihydroxylation of olefins catalyzed by the experimentally used Os04(DHQDZ) complex (left) and its simplified computational model Os04(NH]) (right).

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