Schematic of a mass spectrometer

In combination with DTA and TG measurements, mass spectrometry attachments are provided by manufacturers such as Netzsch (Figure 5.10). Such a device is useful in the determination of the nature of evolved gaseous reaction products (Figure 5.7). A simplified schematic of a mass spectrometer system is shown in Figure 5.11. Gaseous atoms are collected... 

Mass spectroscopy can be used to determine the partial pressure of gases in a mixture. Figure 9.2 presents a simple schematic of a mass spectrometer for gas monitoring. The mass spectrometer is maintained in a high-vacuum chamber at pressures less than i0 torr. The gas to be analyzed flows past a special valve, called a leak valve, that permits a. small fraction of the flowing gas stream to enter the vacuum chamber. 

Fig. 2.2. Principal schematic of a mass spectrometer with atmospheric pressure Ionization (API). In many mass spectrometers, the ion source operates under a vacuum, while in API, the ionization occurs under ambient/atmospheric pressure.

Schematic diagram of a mass spectrometer. After insertion of a sampie (A), it is ionized, the ions are separated according to m/z value, and the numbers of ions (abundances) at each m/z value are plotted against m/z to give the mass spectrum of A. By studying the mass spectrum, A can be identified,...

Figure 20 Schematic diagram of a mass spectrometer for explosive vapor detection [Reproduced from Y. Takada et. al.. Propellants, Explosives, Pyrotechnics, 27 (2002) 224. Copyright 2002, with permission from Wiley-VCH].

Figure 14.1 Schematic view of a mass spectrometer. Its basic parts are ion source, mass analyzer, and detector. Selected principles realized in modern mass spectrometers are assigned El—electron impact. Cl—chemical ionization, FAB—fast atom bombardment, ESI—electrospray ionization, MALDI—matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization. Different combinations of ion formation with mass separation can be realized.

Figure 9.S0. (a) Schematic diagram of a mass spectrometer using a single magnetic...

FIGURE 12.5 Schematic overview of components of a mass spectrometer. 

The mixture of molecular ion and fragments is accelerated to specific velocities using an electric field and then separated on the basis of their different masses by deflection in a magnetic or electrostatic field. Only the cations are detected and a mass spectrum is a plot of mass-to-charge ratio (w/z) on the x-axis against the number of ions (relative abundance, RA, %) on the y-axis. A schematic of the components of a mass spectrometer is shown in Fig. 30.2 and an example of a line-graph-type mass spectrum in Fig. 30.3. 

Fig. 1 Schematic representation of a mass spectrometer depicting its main components and the different modes used. Abbreviations DIP direct insertion probe DEP direct exposure probe GC gas chromatography LC liquid chromatography CE capillary chromatography TEC thin-layer chromatography FEE field-flow fractionation APCI atmospheric pressure ionization El electron impact Cl chemical ionization FAB fast-atom bombardment PD plasma desorption MALDI matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization ED laser desorption TSP thermospray ESI electron spray ionization HSI hypherthermal surface ionization Q quadropole QQQ triple quadropole TOE time-of-fiight FTMS Fourier transform mass spectrometer IT ion trap EM electrom multiplier PM photomultiplier ICR ion cyclotron resonance.

Figure 31-12 Schematic of a typical capillary GC/MS instrument. The effluent from the GC is passed into the inlet of a mass spectrometer, where the molecules in the gas are fragmented, ionized, analyzed, and detected.

Fig. 5.1. Schematic representation of a mass spectrometer. Samples are typical for electrospray ionization. Depending on the ionization technique, the sample can be dissolved in a liquid solvent (ESI), cocrystallized in a matrix (MALDI) or dissolved in a liquid matrix (FAB).

Figure 13.1 Schematic of TOF mass spectrometers having sources with (a) single-stage ion extraction, (b) dual-stage extraction and (c) dual-stage extraction to a second-order focus plane.

A schematic diagram of a mass spectrometer is shown in Figure 12.1. The substance to be studied is introduced into a chamber where a beam of electrons converts the molecule into positive ions. For example, when a water molecule is struck by an electron of suitable energy, an electron is knocked out of it with the formation of an HiO ion ... 

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