Schematic illustration, Fig

The surface viscosity can be measured in a manner entirely analogous to the Poiseuille method for liquids, by determining the rate of flow of a film through a narrow canal under a two-dimensional pressure difference Ay. The apparatus is illustrated schematically in Fig. IV-7, and the corresponding equation for calculating rj is analogous to the Poiseuille equation [99,100]... 

Fig. VIII-1. Schematic illustration of the scanning tunneling microscope (STM) and atomic force microscope (AFM). (From Ref. 9.)...

Fig. XVIII-14. Schematic illustration of the movement of NO molecules on a Pt(lll) surface. Molecules diffuse around on terraces, get trapped at steps, escape, and repeat the process many times before eventually desorbing. [Reprinted with permission from M. Cardillo, Langmuir, 1, 4 (1985) (Ref. 140). Copyright 1985, American Chemical Society.]...

Fig. XVIII-22. Schematic illustration of the steps that may be involved in a surface-mediated reaction initial adsorption, subsequent thermalization, diffusion and surface reaction, and desorption. (From Ref. 199 copyright 1984 by the AAAS.)...

Fig. 9.19 Schematic illustration of an energy surface. A high-temperature molecular dynamics simulation may be ah to ooercome very high energy barriers and so explore conformational space. On minimisation, the appropriate minimum energy conformation is obtained (arrcrws).

Fig. 10.20 Schematic illustration of the creation of a multiple sequence alignment for five sequences A-E. In the fi step sequences C and E are aligned. In the second step sequences A and D are aligned. In the third step the pair Cl aligned with the pair AD. Finally, the quartet CEAD is aligned with B.

In addition, the intercept obtained by extrapolating this asymptote back to sin (0/2) = 0 equals (2M )". Note that both Mand are number averages when this asymptotic limit is used. This is illustrated schematically in Fig. 10.15 and indicates that even more information pertaining to polymer characterization can be extracted from an analysis of the curvature in Zimm plots. 

Fig. 20. (a) Schematic illustration of the formation of a cascade complex (b) a heterodinuclear cation complex of a diloop crown receptor and (c) a typical... 

Fig. 3. Two-dimensional schematic illustrating the distribution of Hquid between the Plateau borders and the films separating three adjacent gas bubbles. The radius of curvature r of the interface at the Plateau border depends on the Hquid content and the competition between surface tension and interfacial forces, (a) Flat films and highly curved borders occur for dry foams with strong interfacial forces, (b) Nearly spherical bubbles occur for wet foams where...

Fig. 21. Schematic illustration of the four primary vapor-phase deposition processes used in optical-fiber fabrication outside vapor deposition (OVD), modified chemical vapor deposition (MCVD), plasma vapor deposition (PVD), and vapor axial deposition (VAD) (115).

Fig. 6. Schematic illustration of the photohthographic patterning process used for defining features in siUcon dioxide using ( ) a positive photoresist that polymerizes light, where ( ) represents the mask (U) Si02 and ( ) Si. Development includes removal of the mask and undeveloped photoresist.

Fig. 7. Schematic illustration of different photohthographic exposure techniques.

Fig. 4. Schematic illustration of an Imperial smelting furnace plant. LHV = low heating value.

Fig. 6. Schematic illustration of the relationships of the original y-ray and the scattered radiations for Compton scattering where E is the energy of the incident photon, E is the energy of the recoiling electron, and E is the energy of the scattered photon.

Fig. 6. Schematic illustration of stmctural relationships in quart2 where the circles represent siUcon centers only, projected on the basal plane (oxygen atoms are not shown) (Q) represent the highest level, ( ) represent the intermediate level, and (O) represent the lowest level. The lines are an aid to visuali2ation...

Fig. 5. Schematic illustrating the soHd solubiUty between carbides. Solid line = complete solubiUty dashed line = limited solubility.

Fig. 3. Schematic illustration of PAN-based carbon fiber microstmcture based on microscopic observations (3).

Fig. 11. Schematic illustration of the thermal-swing and pressure-swing cycles. In thermal swing, the differential loading, Av, is given by — x at...

FIG. 22-87 Schematic illustration of the chromatographic methods most commonly used in downstream processing for protein recovery... 

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