Sambucus javanica

Sambucus javanica, known as Ch ou ts ao, meaning "stinkweed," is warm and sweet. As a medicine it is employed to reduce swelling. Topically, both varieties are used for bone pain, swellings, muscular spasms and traumatic injuries. 

The family Caprifoliaceae comprises approx 400 species, of which Lonicera japonica Thunb., Lonicera affinis Hook and Arn, Lonicera confusa DC, Sambucus javanica Reinw. ex. Bl, Sambucus sieboldiana (Miq.) Graebn, and Weigela floribunda (Sieb. and Zucc.) K. Koch, are used to treat inflammatory conditions in Asia and the Pacific. There is an expanding body of evidence to suggest that biflavonoids from this family might hold some potential as phospholipase A2 inhibitors. One such compound is ochnaflavone from Lonicera japonica Thunb. 

Fig. 5. Sambucus javanica Reinw. ex Bl. From Plants of Indonesia. Bali Timur, karangasem. On skirt of Gunung Agung, 1-3 km of Besakih. altitude 1100 m, 8° 21 S -11 5° 26 E. in secondary forest. 

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