Salt pair permitted

Amines react as nucleophiles or bases, since the nitrogen atom has a readily available lone pair of electrons that can participate in bonding (Following fig.). Because of this the amines react with acids to form water soluble salts. This permits the easy separation of amines from other compounds. A crude reaction mixture can be extracted with dilute hydrochloric acid such that any amines present are protonated and dissolve into the aqueous phase as water-soluble salts. The free amine can be recovered by... 

Salpetersaure = nitric acid salt pair (ion exchanged) permitted explosives 248 sand test 277... 

Ammonium chloride serves as a partner component to alkali nitrates in the so-called inverse salt-pair (ion-exchanged) explosives -> Permitted Explosives). 

Permitted explosives with a higher grade of safety are powder explosives. They contain a minimum percentage of nitroglycerine-ni-troglycol to ensure reliable initiation and transmission of detonation and to exclude slow deflagration reactions. The mechanism of salt-pair... 

Ion exchanged -> Permitted Explosives are based on so-called salt pairs (sodium nitrate ammonium chloride or potassium nitrate - ammonium chloride) and are thus also in powder form. 

On substitution of allyllithium with methyl groups, the structures are distorted tt complexes becoming more jj -like. The previously described allyllithiums are contact ion pairs (CIP) whose dissociation is too low to permit study of the free carbanion. However, this is not the case for a more delocalized system such as 1,3-diphenylallyl whose lithium salts can exist as solvent separated ion pairs (SSIP) in ethereal solutions for which the organic moiety could be treated essentially as a free carbanion55 Boche and coworkers studied the effect of substitution at C(2) in their 1,3-diphenylallyl lithiums on the rotational barriers... 

In view of these considerations, when preparing histone pairs from single histones it is advisable to first equilibrate the individual histones in low salt concentration. This permits folding of the monomeric form. The pairs are then mixed at low salt concentration and... 

Solvent effects in electrochemistry are relevant to those solvents that permit at least some ionic dissociation of electrolytes, hence conductivities and electrode reactions. Certain electrolytes, such as tetraalkylammonium salts with large hydrophobic anions, can be dissolved in non-polar solvents, but they are hardly dissociated to ions in the solution. In solvents with relative permittivities (see Table 3.5) s < 10 little ionic dissociation takes place and ions tend to pair to neutral species, whereas in solvents with 8 > 30 little ion pairing occurs, and electrolytes, at least those with univalent cations and anions, are dissociated to a large or full extent. The Bjerrum theory of ion association, that considers the solvent surrounding an ion as a continuum characterized by its relative permittivity, can be invoked for this purpose. It considers ions to be paired and not contributing to conductivity and to effects of charges on thermodynamic properties even when separated by one or several solvent molecules, provided that the mutual electrostatic interaction energy is < 2 kBT. For ions with a diameter of a nm, the parameter b is of prime importance ... 

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