Saccharomyces cerevisiae chemical production

Borodina, I. and Nielsen, J. (2014) Advances in metabohc engineering of yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae for production of chemicals. Biotechnol. /.,... 

Despite the higher selectivity of enzymatic methyl transfer over chemical methylation, where toxic or hazardous reagents are often employed, such as methyl sulfonate and diazomethane, the synthetic applications of these enzymes have been largely ignored primarily as a result of high costs associated with the cofactor SAM. Recent efforts have been directed to in vivo methylation, where SAM may be regenerated inside cells. For example, methyl benzoate production was engineered in recombinant Saccharomyces cerevisiae and in vivo... 

Figure 14.9 Reaction scheme for production of (—)-ephedrine based on enzymatic C—C bond formation using Saccharomyces cerevisiae coupled with a chemical reductive animation...

Vilanova, M., Ugliano, M., Varela, C., Siebert, T, Pretorius, 1. S., Henschke, P. A. (2007) Assimilable nitrogen utilisation and production of volatile and non-volatile compounds in chemically defined medium by Saccharomyces cerevisiae wine yeasts. Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, 77, 145-157. 

During ethanol fermentations, yeasts suffer from various stresses. Ethanol as the major metabolic product of yeast fermentation accumulates in the cell and acts as a potent chemical stress towards the yeast cell. Further, temperatures higher than 35 °C, pH values below 3.5, acetic acid produced either by the yeast itself or by contaminants such as lactic acid bacteria or wild yeasts, lactic acid and osmotic pressure have a negative impact on the ethanol production by Saccharomyces cerevisiae. 

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