Rumen microbiota

Silberberg, M., Chaucheyras-Durand, F., Conmiun, L., et al. (2013) Repeated acidosis challenges and live yeast supplementation shape rumen microbiota and fermentations and modulate inflammatory status in sheep. Animal 7,... 

In vitro study on rumen fermentation microbiota and methanogenesis emphasized the synergistically influence of medium chain fatty acids, like capric acid (Cl 0 0), lauric acid (C12 0) and myristic acid (C14 0). Lauric (C12 0) and myristic (C14 0) acids showed their potential to decrease rumen methanogenesis and the number of methanogens. When the two fatty acids were not combined the effects exhibited some limitations. In vivo incorporation of coconut oil in sheep diet caused a reduction from 26% up to 73% in the methane (CH4) emission and up to 39% after using a oil, in each day, in feed composition for beef heifers (Panyakaew et al., 2013). 

Animals, plants, and fungi are incapable of producing cobalamin it is the only vitamin that is exclusively produced hy microorganisms, particularly by anaerobes (Roth et al. 1996 Martens et al. 2002 Smith et al. 2007). Furthermore, biochemical and genomic data indicate that only a few bacteria and archaea possess the abOity to produce this vitamin (Roth et al. 1996 Rodionov et al. 2003). Adult ruminant animals and strict vegetarians can obtain the vitamin in specialized bacteria present in the rumen. Humans do not have such microbiota in their small intestine and must absorb the co-enzyme from natural sources such as animal meats (especially liver and kidney), fish, eggs, and pharmaceutical products (Herbert 1996). 

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