Rule analysis strategies

Through a focus on audience analysis, strategies for inproving the effectiveness of both written and oral presentations are explained. Commonly accepted (but frequendy broken) formatting rules for figures and tables are covered, as are hints to effective use of communication software. (Available on the acconpanying CD.)... 

The economics of the various methods that are employed to sequence multicomponent columns have been studied. For example, the separation of three-, four-, and five-component mixtures has been considered (44) where the heuristics (rules of thumb) developed by earlier investigators were examined and an economic analysis of various methods of sequencing the columns was made. The study of sequencing of multicomponent columns is part of a broader field, process synthesis, which attempts to formalize and develop strategies for the optimum overall process (45) (see Separation systems synthesis). 

Natural mutation of amino acids in the core of a protein can stabilize the same fold with different complementary amino acid types, but they can also cause a different fold of that particular portion. If the sequence identity is lower than 30% it is much more difficult to identify a homologous structure. Other strategies like secondary structure predictions combined with knowledge-based rules about reciprocal exchange of residues are necessary. If there is a reliable assumption for common fold then it is possible to identify intra- and intermolecular interacting residues by search for correlated complementary mutations of residues by correlated mutation analysis, CMA (see e.g., http //www.fmp-berlin.de/SSFA). 

Two kinds of publication can help make sense of a set of differing, and even conflicting, conclusions from a collection of articles on a given topic. One is a systematic review. The strategy in this case is to describe, summarize, and collate the studies in a nonquantitative manner to look for emerging patterns or pictures of evidence. A quantitative approach is provided by the technique of meta-analysis. The results of the different studies are combined according to certain rules, and an overall test statistic is provided. The interpretation of this test statistic leads to the overall message of the meta-analysis. 

As previously discussed, different types of spectra have different data structure and interpretation rules. To deduce the structure from these multiple spectra, we need to choose one of the spectra as the base spectrum and then start our analysis. Typically, the base spectrum should have an explicit correlation between substructure and subspectra. For instance, the NMR spectrum provides explicit structure-spectrum relations. We now select the one-dimensional NMR speetrum as the base spectrum to show one of the structure elucidation strategies. Other spectra, such as infrared or two-dimensional NMR spectra, are used as constraints to reduce the search space. This strategy is outlined in Fig. 19. 

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