Rubber chemicals

Commercially, pyridine is manufactured from ethyne and ammonia. It is used as a solvent, particularly in the plastics industry, in the manufacture of nicotinic acid, various drugs and rubber chemicals. 

Rubber accelerator Rubber antioxidant Rubber bearings Rubber blends Rubber cements Rubber chemicals... 

Catalysts. Iodine and its compounds ate very active catalysts for many reactions (133). The principal use is in the production of synthetic mbber via Ziegler-Natta catalysts systems. Also, iodine and certain iodides, eg, titanium tetraiodide [7720-83-4], are employed for producing stereospecific polymers, such as polybutadiene mbber (134) about 75% of the iodine consumed in catalysts is assumed to be used for polybutadiene and polyisoprene polymeri2a tion (66) (see RUBBER CHEMICALS). Hydrogen iodide is used as a catalyst in the manufacture of acetic acid from methanol (66). A 99% yield as acetic acid has been reported. In the heat stabiH2ation of nylon suitable for tire cordage, iodine is used in a system involving copper acetate or borate, and potassium iodide (66) (see Tire cords). 

See Latbx tbchnology Elastomers, synthetic Rubber chemicals. 

Rubber chemicals, primarily antioxidants (qv), stabiLhers, and antio2onants (qv), account for 12% of the demand for aniline woddwide. Important agricultural uses for aniline derivatives include fungicides, insecticides, animal repellents, and defoHants. It is estimated that less than 5% of the aniline produced in 1988 was consumed for agricultural chemicals. 

Piperidines. A significant use of piperidine (18) has been ia the manufacture of vulcanization accelerators, eg, thiuram disulfide [120-54-7] (115) (see Rubber chemicals). Mepiquat dichloride [24307-26-4] the dimethyl quaternary salt of (18), is used as a plant growth regulator for cotton (qv). Piperidine is used to make vasodilators such as dipyridamole [58-32-2] (116) and minoxidil [38304-91-5] (117), and diuretics such as etozoline [73-09-6] (118). 

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