Rotaxanes nomenclature

The rotaxane 16 + (the rotaxane nomenclature used here is 16 "+, where N refers to the coordination number of the metal (4 or 5) and n to its charge) synthesized here is composed of two subunits a macrocycle and a molecular thread (Figure 15). The macrocycle1861 17 (Figure 15 (a) and (b)) possesses two different coordi-... 

Because of space limitations, only meso- and macrocycles possessing heteroatoms and/or subheterocyclic rings are reviewed in general, lactones, lactams, and cyclic imides have been excluded. In view of the delayed availability of some articles appearing in previous years, several have been incorporated. The introduction of a systematic nomenclature of catenanes, rotaxanes, and derived assemblies has recently appeared <00JPC437> this should have appeared two decades ago, but is still timely in futuristic point of view. 

Whereas neither I.U.P.A.C. nor nodal nomenclature bother to extend their system to what is, at present, a very small group of topologically restrained compounds, the proposed system allows for a simple extension to the set of catenanes and rotaxanes. Also, one may readily adapt this system to canonically naming endothelial compounds, such as endothelial fullerenes, etc. Moreover, extension to "chemical" knots having multiple interconnections and windings, without having to resort to the tedium employed by Schill to extend I.U.P.A.C. nomenclature to these compounds, is straightforward. 

Another use for the zero integer superscript occurs in the domain of catenanes and rotaxanes. Although the same examples as the ones cited in Schill s monograph [1] for the development of a suitable nomenclature have been selected for discussion, his organizational scheme — which is merely an extension of I.U.P.A.C. s organic chemistry nomenclature — has not been. Instead, the nomenclature developed earlier for more traditional compounds is easily expandable to include these "compounds". Toward this end, note that in the formulation described in Chapter 1, the semi-colon was selected as a co-ordinate separator and the colon as a sub-ordinate separator of strings of nomenclature code. One now needs only to introduce the use of the zero superscript to indicate that the choice of locant numbering is irrelevant. 

The evolving domain of radial, as well as linear, addition of modules to form an expanding moiety, in a manner akin to the development of polymers, referred to as "dendrimers", is examined and nomenclated The direct inclusion of topology in the description of isomers, once a very insignificant part of chemical nomenclature, is now a factor to be reckoned with, not only for the small class traditionally referred to as "topological" (including catenanes, rotaxanes, and knots), but also as new compositions of matter, such as the endothelial fullerenes, are formulated. 

Safarowsky, O. Windisch. B. Mohry. A. Vogtie, F. Nomenclature for catenanes. rotaxanes, molecular knots. 

Table 1.7 lists the examples of different types of rotaxanes reported in the literature. Some of the early work on the chemistry is omitted but can be found in the reviews cited above. In naming the rotaxanes in this table, we follow the nomenclature of Gibson and Marand [115] polymer-rotoa-cyclic. 

To conclude, the nomenclature of macromolecular topological compounds should be briefly mentioned. In fact, it does not exist. The use of the Schill s nomenclature is difficult, since the name of polymeric catenanes and rotaxanes, where the chain consists of many interlocked rings or rings threaded on a long macromolecule, becomes cumbersome and hard to nronounce. Therefore, trivial names are often used. 

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