Rotative substance

A rotative substance (or mixture of substances) may be optically active or inactive. That is to say, the expected optical rotation may be finite, small or even accidentally zero (because of solvent, temperature, pH, or limited sensitivity of the measurement). A rotative substance consists of chiral molecules, and/or unequal numbers of enantiomorphic molecules. A nonrotative substance (or mixture of substances) is always optically inactive (at any wavelength). A nonrotative substance consists of achiral molecules, and/or equal numbers of enantiomorphic sets of molecules. 

Flechte, /. lichen plait, twist skin eruption, flechten, v.t. plait, twist, braid, interweave, Flechten-far toffi m. lichen coloring matter, -rot, n, orcein, -saure, /. fumaric acid (old name). -stSrkemehl, n. lichenin, moss starch, -stoffe, m.pl. lichen substances. 

The valence-bond concept of orbital hybridization described in the previous four sections is not limited to carbon compounds. Covalent bonds formed by-other elements can also be described using hybrid orbitals. Look, for instance, at the nitrogen atom in methylamine, CH3NH2, an organic derivative of ammonia (NH3) and the substance responsible for the odor of rotting fish. 

Make a three-dimensional drawing of methylamine, CH3NH2, a substance responsible for the odor of rotting fish, and show the direction of its dipole moment fJL = 1.31). 

The quantity consumed or produced is conveniently expressed in partial pressure units if the substance is a gas. Concentration units are convenient if the reactant or product is in solution. The time measurement is also expressed in whatever units fit the reaction microseconds for the explosion of household gas and oxygen, seconds or minutes for the burning of a candle, days for the rusting of iron, months for the rotting of wood. 

Kennedy DW, SD Aust, JA Bumpus (1990) Comparative biodegradation of aUcyl halide insecticides by the white rot fungus, Phanerochaete chrysosporium (BKM-F-1767). Appl Environ Microbiol 56 2347-2353. Khanna P, B Rajkumar, N Jothikumar (1992) Anoxygenic degradation of aromatic substances by Rhodopseu-domonas palustris. Curr Microbiol 25 63-67. 

The effectiveness of bacteriocins is often a function of environmental factors such as pH, temperature, food composition, structure, and food microflora (De Vuyst and Leroy 2007). A novel bacteriocin-like substance produced by Bacillus licheniformis P40 inhibits the activity of the soft rot bacterium Envinia carotovora. This compound caused a bactericidal effect on the pathogen cells at a 30 p.g/mL concentration (Cladera-Olivera and others 2006). 

Cladera-Olivera F, Caron GR, Motta AS, Souto AA and Brandelli A. 2006. Bacteriocin-like substance inhibits potato soft rot caused by Erwinia carotovora. Can J Microbiol 52(6) 533-539. 

A few other kinds of flowers have adopted the orchids trick of trading odoriferous chemicals for pollination. The bees also harvest chemicals from decaying, fungus-infected logs, rotting fruit, and animal feces. Chemicals from other flowers are similar to the ones from orchids, but decaying logs furnish substances not available elsewhere. 

Besides the four elements, the Great Work was divided into four stages and each was characterized by a color black, white, yellow, and red. The Great Work consisted of separation of the Primary Material into separate masculine and feminine parts that were joined in what was called the lesser conjunction. This substance was subjected to various chemical operations until the substance was killed and left to rot in a process called putrefaction. Next the substance was separated again, bathed and purified, and then recombined in the greater conjunction. This process brought the substance back to life in a spiritual form. Because of the Great Work, the substance... 

Ami noted (Aminized) Cellulose or Amino-cellulose. By attaching amino-groups to a cellulose molecule(such as cotton), products are obtained which react differently than the untreated celluloses. Due to the presence of amino groups the atninated celluloses combine with acidic substances, such as acid dyes, some flame-proofing agents, rot-resisting compounds,and acidic explosives, such as 2,4-dinitrochlorbenzene, 2,4,6-trinitrochlor-benzene, etc... 

Definition. Some confusion exists even in the definition of tannin included under this name are many substances of varying structure, but having the common ability to transform fresh hides into rot-proof and barely permeable leather. The phenolic nature of these substances has often caused confusion between tannins and phenolic compounds of plants. 

Achard (1786) is regarded as the first to isolate and to make a fractionation of humic substances (HS). He treated peat with potassium hydroxide, added acid to the dark solution, and obtained an amorphous dark precipitate. More precipitate was obtained from the darker (more humified) layers than from the less rotted residues in the upper layers. Later, Vauquelin (1797,1798) isolated in alkali solution humic-type substances from elm wood infected by fungi, and Thomson (1807) proposed the term ulmin for the isolates. 

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