Rotating Ring Disk Electrodes

Electrochemiluminescence quantum yields of 8—10% from 9,10-diphenylanthracene and 14—20% from the 9,10-diphenylanthracene anion—thianthrene cation combination have been reported using the rotating ring disk electrode technique (157,173). 

How can you use the rotating ring disk electrode for detecting short-lived intermediate species ... 

Rigid film approximation, 53 Rotating disk electrode, 111 Rotating ring disk electrode, 113 Ruthenium dioxide, 121... 

Data on the electrochemistry of the telluride ion in alkaline media are relatively limited. Mishra et al. [53] studied the oxidation of Te to Te° at solid electrodes, focusing on the intermediate step(s) of this process, and in particular, the possibility of detecting ditelluride Te via rotating ring disk electrode (RRDE) methodology. Oxidation beyond the elemental state to TeO and TeO was also studied using cyclic and hydrodynamic voltammetry. 

A rotating ring-disk electrode study. J Electrochem Soc 137 3438-3441... 

MiUer B, Menezes S, Heller A (1978) Anodic formation of semiconductive sulfide films at cadmium and bismuth Rotating ring-disk electrode studies. 1 Electroanal Chem 94 85-97... 

FIGURE 4.7 Rotating ring-disk electrode (1) disk electrode (current/p) (2) ring electrode (current 7j ). 

Schmidt TJ, Grgur BN, Behm RJ, Markovic NM, Ross PN. 2000b. Bi adsorption on Pt(l 11) in perchloric acid solution A rotating ring-disk electrode and XPS smdy. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2 4379-4386. 

The ORR has been studied with a rotating ring-disk electrode (RRDE), which can provide theand the H2O2 yield P(H202) at around room temperamre. However, for improving the ORR activity, PEFCs should be operated at high temperature (> 80 °C). In this section, we demonstrate the temperature dependencies of ORR activity and P(H202) at pure Pt (both bulk and supported catalyst) and bulk Pt alloys (Pt-Ni, Pt-Co, and Pt-Fe). 

Paulus UA, Schmidt TJ, Gasteiger HA, Behm RJ. 2001. Oxygen reduction on a high-surface area Pt/Vulcan carbon catalyst A thin-film rotating ring-disk electrode study. J Electroanal Chem 495 134-145. 

Thin catalyst layers on a GC rotating disk electrode (RDE) or a rotating ring-disk electrode (RRDE) serve for studies of ORR kinetics. In order to separate the kinetic current from the measured current j, Schmidt and co-workers [Schmidt et al., 1998b] corrected the latter for the influence of oxygen diffusion in the aqueous electrolyte and in the polymer film using the foUowing equation ... 

Hsueh KL, Gonzalez ER, Srinivasan S. 1983. Electrolyte effects on oxygen reduction kinetics at platinum—A rotating-ring disk electrode analysis. Electrochim Acta 28 691-697. 

In the most common approach, a water-insoluble metaUoporphyrin is deposited on the surface of a rotating disk electrode (RDE) or on the disk of a rotating ring-disk electrode (RRDE Fig. 18.7a) as a film of poorly defined morphology, either by spontaneous adsorption from a solution of the catalyst in an organic solvent or by evaporation of an aliquot of such a solution onto the electrode. It is impossible to know the... 

Figure 18.7 (a) Rotating ring-disk electrode (RRDE left) and schematics of chemical... 

Rotating (ring-)disk electrode, 256, 260, 265, 318-320, 521, 648 Ruthenium electrocatalyst, 465-498... 

The rotating ring disk electrode can be used to study the products of the electrode reaction (Fig. 5.20). The products of the electrode reaction at the disk are carried by convective diffusion to the ring where they undergo a... 

The iron complex (23) adsorbed on graphite electrode surfaces is an active catalyst for the electroreduction of both nitrite and nitric oxide to yield NH2OH and NH3, as demonstrated by rotating ring-disk electrode voltammetry experiments.341... 

Another type of polymeric structure is based macrocyclics or on stacks of macro-cyclic units. An exhaustive electrodynamic investigation of the polymer derived from yU.-oxo-(tetra-ferf-butylphthalocyaninato)germanium and of the monomer was carried out using CPE, CV, voltammetry by RDE, rotating ring-disk electrode and differential pulse... 

Over the years, many systems have been investigated and a variety of experimental probes, both electrochemical and spectroscopic, have been used in their study and characterization. Thus, electrochemical techniques such as rotated-ring disk electrodes (JlL) and spectroscopic techniques such as Raman (18-201 (in its numerous variants) have provided much insight into the mechanisms of many of these processes, however, in-situ structural studies of such systems have, to date, proved very elusive to direct experimental probing. 

Despite the importance of the ORR and long history of study, very little is known about the reaction mechanism.126,130,131 Mechanistic information has been derived almost exclusively from rotating disk electrode (RDE)131,132 and rotating ring disk electrode (RRDE)133-136,62,128 studies. The rotating electrode minimizes mass transfer effects and allows a kinetic current density to be extracted. In the RRDE setup, the ring surrounding the disk electrode detects species weakly adsorbed to the electrode that are ejected due to electrode rotation. The ORR reaction (eqn 4) is... 

Eligh performance liquid chromatography Density functional theory Oxygen reduction reaction Rotating disk electrode Rotating ring disk electrode... 

Rotating ring-disk electrodes were employed for an anion effect on the Cu underpotential deposition on Pt(lll) in fluoric and perchloric acid solutions, the results of which were discussed in comparison with UHV results of AES and LEED. ... 

Since products of the electrode process are quickly transported out of the vicinity of the electrode disk, use of the rotating disk electrode complements the more complex rotating ring disk electrode (RRDE) [32]. Here, redox active products can be detected at the ring electrode, which is held at a separately controlled potential. 

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