RNA synthetase

Whereas imidazolides of nucleotides react only in organic solvents with phosphates or pyrophosphates to give the corresponding anhydride derivatives in high yield, ATP can also be formed enzymatically in aqueous solution from AMP-Im with inorganic pyrophosphate in the presence of valyl-f-RNA synthetase.[66] A variant of this method is the one-pot reaction of a nucleoside with phosphoryltristriazole and tributylammonium pyrophosphate. 671 An a-methylphosphonyl-/ ,y-diphosphate of a thymidine derivative has been synthesized in a similar way t681... 

Ligases t-RNA synthetase DNA ligase Carbonic anhydrase All phyla... 

Among multitryptophan proteins emitting light around 330 nm, we have observed the largest red-edge effect (estimated from the difference between the maxima of the fluorescence spectra obtained at 290- and 305-nm excitation) for papain in the active and inactive forms (13 and 10 nm, respectively). Large shifts were also observed for rabbit muscle asparagyl- and valyl-RNA synthetases (8 nm). For rabbit aldolase A, the observed shift was 6 nm, for skeletal muscle myosin, 4.5 nm, for chymotrypsin, 2.5 nm, and for carbonic... 

This enzyme [EC 6.1.1.12], also known as aspar-tate tRNA ligase, catalyzes the reaction of aspartate with ATP and tRNA P to generate aspartyl-tRNA P, AMP, and diphosphate (or, pyrophosphate). See also Amino-acyl-RNA Synthetases... 

Examination of this question with the tobacco hornworm, an insect known to be canavanine-sensitive (this insect normally feeds on canavanine-free plants) revealed that it readily incorporates [ C]canavanine into its newly synthesized proteins. Caryedes brasiliensis. however, very effectively avoids the production of such radiolabeled proteins. When the arginyl- RNA synthetase activity of these insects was compared, tobacco hornworm larvae readily activated canavanine while the larvae of the bruchid beetle possess an arginyl- tRNA synthetase with a marked ability to discriminate between arginine and its structural analogue (22). 

All of these compounds showed excellent in vitro antimicrobial activity, with 136, 139, and 141 being the most active. Furthermore, compounds 136, 138, and 141 were found to inhibit the isoleucyl-transfer RNA synthetase in bacteria [132]. 

Fujinaga, M., Berthetcolominas, C., Yaremchuk, A. D., Tukalo, M. A., and Cusack, S. (1993). Refined crystal-structure of the seryl-transfer rna-synthetase from thermus-thermophilus at 2-center-dot-5-angstrom resolution./ Mol. Biol. 234, 222-233. 

Carter, P. J., Winter, G., Wilkinson, A. J., Fersht, A. R., The use of double mutants to detect structural-changes in the active-site of the tyrosyl-transfer Rna-synthetase (bacillus-stearothermophilus). Ceil 1984, 38, 835-840. 

Brown JR, Gentry D, Becker JA, Ingraham K, Holmes DJ, Stanhope MJ (2003) Horizontal transfer of drug-resistant aminoacyl-transfer-RNA synthetases of anthrax and Gram-positive pathogens. EMBO Rep 4 692-698... 

Utility Treatment of Multidrug-resistant Methionyl t-RNA Synthetase... 

Table 1 Selective thiophene derivatives illustrating their effectiveness as methionyl t-RNA synthetase inhibitors against StapMococcus aureus, Streptococcus pneumoniae and Haemophilus influenzae...

Quinolones, (I), and lH-imidazo[4,5-b]pyridine derivatives, (n), effective as methionyl t-RNA synthetase inhibitors were previously prepared by the author (2,3), respectively. 

Aminopiperidine quinoline derivatives, (III), (IV), and (V), prepared by Davies (4,5) and Markwell (6), respectively, were effective as methionyl t-RNA synthetase inhibitors against S. aureus Oxford, S. aureus WCUH29, S. pneumoniae 1629, S. pneumoniae N1387, and S. pneumoniae ERY 2. 

Knorre, D. G., Lavrik, O. I. Affinity labeling of aminoacyl-t-RNA synthetases, in Theory and Practice in Affinity Techniques, (ed. Sundaram, P. V., Eckstdn, F.) Academic Press, Lonson 1978, p. 169... 

Aminoacy 1-Transfer RNA Synthetases Read the Genetic Code... 

Mupirocin is an antibiotic that inhibits bacterial protein synthesis by binding to isoleucyl transfer RNA synthetase. It is primarily bacteriostatic at low concentrations, but is bactericidal in the high concentrations and can have activity against organisms reported to be relatively resistant in vitro. 

Wright HT, Nurse KC, Goldstein DJ. Nalidixic acid, oxolinic acid, and novobiocin inhibit yeast glycyl- and leucyl-transfer RNA synthetases. Science 1981 213(4506) 455-6. 

The Leffler parameter a has been applied to the effect of point mutations of amino acid residues on the binding step of tyrosyl- RNA synthetase, the enzyme responsible for catalysing formation of tyrosyl- RNA during protein biosynthesis. The logarithm of the rate constant for the reaction is linearly dependent on the logarithm of the equilibrium constant (Equation 26) for a range of directed point mutations of amino acid residues close to the proposed active site. ... 

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