Rigid foam test methods density

RIGID FOAM TEST METHODS 14.2.1. Density (ASTM D 1622, ISO 845)... 

Foam Properties and Testing Methods. In general, most physical properties of foams, both flexible and rigid, are proportional to the foam density. Therefore, at all times, the first physical property to be determined is foam density. Foam density can be calculated fi om the following equation ... 

This standard consists of 22 test methods, some of which are used in evaluating high-density rigid polyurethane foams for furniture applications. These methods are concerned with fastener-holding properties Lateral Nail Resistance Test, Nail Withdrawal Test, Nail-Head Pull-through Test, and Direct Screw Withdrawal Test. 

Some polymers can be used to produce foam possessing a wide range of properties. For example, polyurethane can be made hard or soft, flexible or rigid, at high or low densities. Polyurethane has an exceptional range of physical property variation and provides an unprecedented example to which many of the other cellular polymer test methods can be compared. Indeed, many of the methods used for the polyurethane family of polymers are eommon to the other polymeric foams. This subject is extensive, and a chapter such as this cannot hope to be exhaustive. However, it is hoped that most major physical property measurements are covered or at least guidance given to the reader as to where details can be obtained. 

Standardized methods cover tests of rigid self-supporting specimens, flexible films, and expanded materials with a bulk density not lower than 100 kg/m. Types of specimens laid down by the standard ISO/DIS 4589-1983 are listed in Table 3.5. Specimens for other standards are essentially identical to these except for ASTM D 2863-1977 in which specimens I, II and III are not involved instead, the oxygen index of rigid solids is determined on specimen IV, while specimens with cross section of 12.5 mm square are used for testing plastic foams. Testing flexible films is the same for all standards. 

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