Rhodopsin kinase

E. G protein-conpled receptors /3-Adrenergic receptor kinase (BARK) Rhodopsin kinase II. Ser/Thr/Tyr protein kinases MAP kinase kinase (MAPK kinase) —TEY— phosphorylation by... 

Members of the first group of NCS are recoverin and visinin. Recoverin is a 23 kDa myristoylated protein found under normal conditions only in photoreceptor cells (rods and cones). The main function of recoverin is to bind to and inhibit rhodopsin kinase, thereby prolonging the light response. 

FIGURE 49-3 Proposed transmembrane disposition of bovine rhodopsin. Sugar moieties at asparagine-2 and asparagine-15 are shown with red arrows. Palmitoyl groups at cysteine-322 and cysteine-323 are indicated with broken lines. Hydroxyamino acid residues that may be phosphorylated by rhodopsin kinase are clustered in a C-terminal domain of the molecule. 

G protein-coupled receptor kinase 1, rhodopsin kinase RHOK/ GRKl) 13q34 Exon 5 deletion Oguchi disease, reces-sively inherited stationary night blindness Impairment of GRKl-mediated desensitization of rhodopsin (189-191)... 

Receptors that remain in the activated state even in the absence of ligand are often known as constitutively active mutants (CAMs). The resulting disruptions in rhodopsin signaling also often result in alterations in the phosphorylation of rhodopsin by rhodopsin kinase (GRKl), the specialized GRK enzyme expressed in the retina that is largely responsible for rapidly desensitizing the receptor when it is exposed to light. 

Onorato, J. J., Palczewski, K., Regan, J. W., Caron, M. G., Lefkowitz, R. J., and Benovic, J. L. (1991) Role of acidic amino acids in peptide substrates of the beta-adrenergic receptor kinase and rhodopsin kinase. Biochemistry. 30, 5118-5125. 

Rim, J., and Oprian, D. D. (1995) Constitutive activation of opsin—interaction of mutants with rhodopsin kinase and arrestin. Biochemistry. 34, 11938-11945. 

PYRUVATE CARBOXYLASE PYRUVATE DEHYDROGENASE KINASE PYRUVATE KINASE PYRUVATE, WATER DIKINASE RESTRICTION ENZYMES RHODOPSIN KINASE RIBOFLAVIN KINASE RIBONUCLEOTIDE REDUCTASE... 

S-prenyl Geranylgeranyl Famesyl heterotrimeric G-proteins (y-sub unit) Ras proteins rhodopsin kinase See chapter 5 C-terminus... 

Another regulatory Ca receptor is recoverin, which performs an important control function in the signal transduction cascade of the vision process, by inhibiting the activity of rhodopsin kinase (see Chapter 5.3.4). 

Shichi, H. Somers, R.L. Light-dependent phosphorylation of rhodopsin. Purification and properties of rhodopsin kinase. J. Biol. Chem., 253, 7040-7046 (1978)... 

Sitaramayya, A. Rhodopsin kinase prepared from bovine rod disk membranes quenches hght activation of cGMP phosphodiesterase in a reconstituted system. Biochemistry, 25, 5460-5468 (1986)... 

Palczewski, K. McDowell, J.H. Hargrave, P.A. Rhodopsin kinase substrate specificity and factors that influence activity. Biochemistry, 27, 2306-2313 (1988)... 

Kelleher, D.J. Johnson, G.L. Characterization of rhodopsin kinase purified from bovine rod outer segments. J. Biol. Chem., 265, 2632-2639 (1990)... 

R.J. The receptor kinase family primary structure of rhodopsin kinase reveals similarities to the -adrenergic receptor kinase. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 88, 8715-8719 (1991)... 

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