Rheological changes associated with

We have illustrated the many ways in which elongational flow behavior can provide novel information about the behavior of macromolecules. Special emphasis has been given to rheological changes associated with extensional flow fields. 

There is an increased incidence of peripheral vascular diseases in diabetic patients who receive peritoneal dialysis and epoetin (4). In these patients the time to a first vascular incident is shorter, the number of vascular events is increased, and more hospital days associated with vascular disease have been reported compared with patients receiving peritoneal dialysis without epoetin (4). Significant risk factors for the development of peripheral vascular disease are epoetin therapy, epoetin dose, and smoking (4). Peripheral vascular disease may be related to increased blood viscosity or other changes in blood rheology (4). 

The deformability of drops in a three-component Newtonian system (comprising 1.1% PS and 1.7% ethylcellulose dissolved in benzene) was studied by Silberberg and Kuhn [1952, 1954]. The authors reported that as the rate of shear increased, the spherical drops changed shape into prolate ellipsoids, with the long axis, a, and two orthogonal short semiaxes, a. The data are presented in Figure 7.10. The observed maximum on the aj curve may be associated with the rheological effect on solubility. 

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