Retrofit cost

Applicable to many resin types Equipment can be retrofit Cost effective Excellent performance for protective maintenance and automotive coatings Pigment flocculation Rheology difficult to control during application May have inferior surface appearance... 

A major project added to the information about isopropyl alcohol (IPA) from earlier trials, 97,98 and showed it can be as effective an extraction solvent as hexane.99 However, because of high retrofitting costs, IPA is not likely to be implemented while hexane-type hydrocarbons are allowed. 

The retrofitted HEN by MOO may have small heaters/coolers, mainly because stochastic optimization methods do not give a precise optimum. Study the effect of removing these heaters/coolers in Figure 7.9 on the utility and retrofit costs. 

Fonnal accident investigations usually start with an assumption that the operator must have failed, and if this attribution can be made, that is the end of serious inquiry. Finding that faulty designs were responsible would entail enormous shutdown and retrofitting costs finding that management was responsible would... 

Emmel, T., and Maibodi, M., 1991, Retrofit Costs for SO2 and NO Control Options at 200 Coal-Fired Plants. Project Summary. EPA/600/S7-90-91, March. 

Technology Developmental Status Approximate NO, Reduction, % Retrofit Cost, /kW... 

Earthquake Risk Mitigation of Lifelines and Critical Facilities, Fig. 12 Superposition of cost curves as a function of the system performance for seismic retrofit cost, expected damage cost, and total cost... 

Abandoning the structure if the retrofit costs exceed the potential benefits derived from maintaining the structure... 

Post-earthquake Assessment The main criterion for a post-earthquake assessment and the decision on the degree of retrofitting is the extent of damage and its seriousness. This approach radically decreases the number of interventions and, therefore, the retrofitting cost of an affected region and the time required for the whole operation. 

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