Respiratory disorders anxiety symptoms

Unlike most anxiety disorders, panic disorder leads to a high utilization of general medical services, reflecting the frequency, severity and alarming nature of physical symptoms such as palpitations, gastrointestinal distress, respiratory problems and headaches (Zaubler and Katon, 1998). This can result in extensive investigations and sometimes inappropriate but expensive medications. 

Progressive inactivity, dissatisfaction with social life, and presence of medical and psychiatric illness can be most predictive of insomnia in old age [6, 7], In modern societies higher rates of insomnia are present in women, people who are less educated or unemployed, separated or divorced, the medically ill, and those with depression, anxiety, or substance abuse [8], In a number of studies, insomnia has been found to be correlated with frequent use of medical facilities [9-13], chronic health problems [13-18], perceived poor health [17], increased use of drugs [10,14], and specific medical conditions including respiratory diseases [19-21], hypertension [21], musculoskeletal and other painful disorders [19-24], heart diseases [19, 23], and prostate problems [19], On the other hand, chronic insomnia predisposes to the development of psychiatric disorders [25-27], Therefore, it is important to clearly establish whether co-morbidities are causative for, or simply co-exist with insomnia, in order to recommend the most appropriate treatment. This is why it is better to categorize insomnia as a disease rather than as a symptom [28],... 

The adverse effects of rimonabant are upper respiratory tract infections, nausea, dizziness, and insomnia. The focus has, however, particularly been on mood alterations, depressive disorders, and anxiety, and these symptoms were reported in 3.2% with rimonabant (20 mg) and in 1.6% in placebo-treated patients. Patients with psychiatric illnesses were, however, not included in the published rimonabant trials. Thus, there is limited data available on the safety of rimonabant in patients with mental illness. Therefore, the use of rimonabant is not recommended in patients with depression or in patients on antidepressant medication. 

---