Resolution losses, flow programming

A small volume TCD still requires a reference flow to be well matched with the sample flow. For most wide bore WCOT columns, make-up gas is required to obtain the available resolution of the system For SCOT columns this can be neglected without serious loss In efficiency. Regulation and balancing of the reference and sample flows are relatively easy when only Isothermal operation is employed, but become very difficult when temperature programming is necessary. 

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